青藏高原东北部老虎沟流域强消融期冰川径流及其温度日变化特征研究  

The characteristics of the glacier runoff and water temperature changes of the Laohugou glacier NO.12 in the northeast of the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：张晓鹏[1] 秦翔[1] 吴锦奎[1] 王强[1] 杜文涛[1] 刘宇硕[1] 陈记祖[1] 张雪艳[1] 谢小龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,祁连山冰川与生态环境研究站,兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第10期179-184,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划(2013CBA01801);国家自然科学基金(41371091);国家自然科学基金(40271085);中科院战略部署项目(KJZD-EW-G03-01)资助

摘　　要：根据老虎沟冰川流域2011年强消融期(强消融期指7-8月份)的水文气象资料,分析了老虎沟冰川流域径流及径流温度的日变化过程和径流、径流温度与气温、降水之间的关系。结果表明:老虎沟冰川流域7月气温在早晨8:00左右最低,17:00达到最高;7月冰川径流在10:00左右最小,在18:00左右达到最大值。7月流量最高值约滞后气温最高值1h左右,流量最低值约滞后气温最低值2h左右;降水对径流既有正反馈也有负反馈,降水发生时,流量有可能增加也有可能减少。冰川径流温度主要分三个阶段,第一个阶段是前一天晚上20:00左右到8:00左右,这段时间的冰川径流温度变化很小,且温度始终处于低值;从8:00到12:00径流温度持续升高,12:00左右径流温度达到日最高值;12:00到20:00左右径流温度逐渐缓慢降低。径流温度和气温之间有较一致的起伏关系,但是冰川径流某一时刻的平均温度起伏很小且温度低,最低温度为0.1℃、最高温度为0.9℃。Based on meteorological and hydrological data of the Laohugou glacier NO. 12 in the ablation season （July and August） in 2011, the characteristics of the daily runoff and runoff temperature were analyzed,and the relationship between the runoff, runoff temperature and air temperature and precipitation were discussed in this research. Results show that the lowest daily temperature of the Laohugou glacier NO. 12 appeared at 8：00am in the morning, the highest daily temperature appeared at 17：00pm. But the lowest glacial runoff happened at about 10：00am, peak of the glacier runoff happened at about 18：00pm. The peak runoff of July lagged the highest temperature about 1 h, while the lowest glacier runoff lagged the lowest temperature about 2 h. The contribution of precipitation to runoff had both positive feedback and negative feedback. When precipitation occurred, runoff may increased or reduced. Glacial runoff temperature had three stages, the first stage was about 20 ：00pm to a- bout 8：00am, In this time the glacial runoff temperature change was very small, and the temperature was still low ; runoff temperature rose from 8：00am to 12：00 , around 12：00 temperature reached the highest. From 12：00 to 20：00 runoff temperature gradually decreased. Runof temperature was consistent with the ups and downs rela- tionship between air temperature, but at a certain moment glacial runoff of average temperature fluctuation was very small and remained low , the lowest temperature of glacier runoff was 0.1 ℃ and the highest temperature of glacier was 0.9℃.

关 键 词：青藏高原东北部 老虎沟冰川流域 径流 径流温度 日变化特征 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]