中国智慧城市建设的技术理性与政治理性——基于147个城市的实证分析  

Technological and Political Rationalities of Smart City Initiatives in China——An Empirical Analysis Based on 147 Cities

作　　者：于文轩[1] 许成委[1] 

机构地区：[1]南洋理工大学人文与社会科学学院,新加坡637332

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2016年第4期127-138,共12页Journal of Public Management

摘　　要：在一系列内部因素和外部因素影响下,2009年以来中央和地方政府开始规划和实施智慧城市发展项目。尽管中央政府提供了强有力的政策引导、制度和财务支持,然而目前各地智慧型城市发展仍相当不均衡。本文在政府创新扩散理论与智慧城市文献的基础上,构建了一个包含五要素、两大理性(政治理性和技术理性)的模型来解释中国智慧型城市发展,并以2015年全国147个智慧城市的横截面统计数据对该模型进行检验。我们发现尽管作为问题导向的技术解决方案的智慧城市建设是由包括环境污染和城市拥堵等政策需求推动的,但是和西方国家智慧城市发展不同的是,中国智慧城市建设和政策需求的关系并不是简单的正向线性关系。数据分析显示环境污染和智慧型城市发展呈显著的负相关,而城市人口密度和智慧城市发展呈显著的倒U型关系。我们的分析也发现中国智慧城市建设不仅仅是由技术理性推动的,政治考量也很重要,作为城市"一把手"的市委书记政治支持对智慧城市发展水平有显著影响。The objective of this study is to examine the development of Chinese smart city initiatives and develop an explanatory model to explain the variance of smart city performance and test the model with empirical data. Besides,cross-sectional data are analyzed by multiple regression models. Although 'Smart City' has been considered as panacea for addressing urbanization pathologies for city planners and managers in China,the performance of smart city initiatives significantly varies across pilot cities. This article shows that although policy demands such as environmental pollution and population density are key drivers for the development of smart city in China,their relationships with smart city development are not positive and linear as expected.Environmental pollution has a negative relationship with smart city development,while population density has an inverted U-shape relationship. In addition,smart cities initiatives are driven not only by technical rationalities but also political rationalities. Political supports from local ruling party sectaries matters. The majority of studies on smart city are theoretical and conceptual. This study fills the void by using empirical data to examine the determinants of smart city development,which has significant theoretical implications. More significantly,it is the first article to use empirical data to explore the rationales behind smart city initiates in China.There are several limitations in this study. More explanatory variables should have been included in the model.In addition,a panel dataset would have been utilized,which could lead to more stable and robust statistical results. Smart city initiatives are not a panacea that can solve all urban development problems. Local policy demands and political and institutional support from local ruling party sectaries have paramount importance for the success of smart city initiatives. Currently in China,for those cities with serous pollution and high population density,developing an overarching smart city program may not b

关 键 词：智慧城市 政府创新 创新扩散 技术理性 政治理性 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]