2012-2015年无锡市新区学校水痘暴发疫情流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and controlling strategy of varicella outbreaks among schools in New District in Wuxi

作　　者：陈晓峰[1] 盛晟[1] 

机构地区：[1]无锡市疾病预防控制中心新区分中心,江苏无锡214023

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第20期3709-3712,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究分析2012-2015年无锡市新区学校水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为预防控制水痘疫情提供参考依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法,对2012-2015年无锡新区报告的学校水痘暴发疫情资料和数据进行分析;结果2012-2015年无锡市新区报告学校水痘暴发疫情45起,累计发病401例,无死亡病例,累计罹患率0.84%;暴发疫情病例主要集中在4-6月和10-12月,分别占22.19%和67.08%;江溪街道为暴发水痘病例最多的街道;罹患率男性为1.09%,女性为0.63%,差异有统计学意义（χ-2=30.53,P〈0.001）;6-12岁小学生发病数占病例总数的63.09%。结论2012-2015年无锡市新区报告的学校水痘暴发疫情有逐年增多趋势,疫情防控形势不容乐观,应采取切实有效的综合防控措施控制水痘疫情。建议国家能够尽快将水痘疫苗纳入一类疫苗管理,并加强对水痘的监测与管理。Objective This work was to analyze epidemiological characteristics of varicella outbreaks among primary schools in New District of Wuxi, 2012-2015, and to provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella. Methods The reported data of varieella outbreaks among schools in New District during 2012-2015 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results There were 45 varicella outbreaks involving 401 cases （without death） in schools in New District during 2012-2015. The total accumulative incidence was 0.84%. The incidence concentrated in April to June （22.19%） and October to December （67.08%）. Jiangxi Street had the most cases. The difference in the incidence between males （1.09%） and females （0.63%） was statistically significant （E2=30.53 ,P〈0.001）. The patients aged 6-12 years old accounted for 63.09% of all the cases. Conclusion The varicella outbreaks among schools reported in New District during 2012 to 2015 showed upward trend over the years. The situation of varicella prevention and control is grim. Effective measures should be adopted for chickenpox prevention and control. Varicella vaccine should be taken into vaccine management as soon as possible, and surveillance of varicella should be strengthened.

关 键 词：水痘 暴发 学校 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]