纺锤形芽孢杆菌L13对蓝莓生长及根际土壤生物学特性的影响  

Effect of Bacillus fusiformis L13 on blueberry growth and rhizosphere soil biological characteristics

作　　者：王君[1,2] 杜秉海[1] 马海林[2] 刘方春[2] 丁延芹[1] 姚良同[1] 李丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院,山东省农业微生物重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第5期917-925,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204402);农业科技成果转化资金项目;山东省科技重大专项(2015ZDXX0502B02)资助~~

摘　　要：以八年生蓝莓品种"蓝丰"为供试植株,通过田间试验研究添加纺锤形芽孢杆菌L13在单一菌剂和复合微生物肥料中对植株生长及根际土壤的影响.试验设4个处理,其中单一菌剂即L13(P),以不施肥处理作为对照(CK);以灭菌后的腐熟鸡粪作为吸附载体接种酵母菌DY3和乳酸菌DY4作为普通生物肥(OF),在此基础上进一步接种L13作为复合微生物肥料(PF),以OF作为对照,分别研究单一菌剂和复合微生物肥料对蓝莓叶片酶活、果实品质、植株养分、根际土壤酶活和理化性质以及细菌群落结构的影响.结果表明:含L13的两种肥料都显著降低了果实中可滴定酸含量,提高了植株全氮、全钾含量以及土壤碱解氮、全氮、有机质含量,促进了蓝莓生长;L13在单一菌剂中的作用更为明显,和对照相比,叶片中丙二醛含量降低61.9%,果实中花青苷含量提高21.68%,可滴定酸含量降低13.61%,植株全氮、全磷、全钾分别提高4.12%、10.27%、8.63%,土壤蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性分别提高107.59%、21.36%,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全氮、有机质含量分别提高了49.66%、31.28%、21.95%、63.83%、84.54%,土壤p H降低,并且两个处理间各指标都达到了显著性差异.运用Illumina Miseq高通量测序分析根际土壤细菌群落结构发现,L13作为单一菌剂显著降低了土壤细菌菌群丰度和多样性,而在复合微生物肥料中菌群丰度和多样性增加;单一菌剂和复合微生物肥料都增加了变形菌门和厚壁菌门的比例,单一菌剂还增加了放线菌门的比例,复合微生物肥料增加了拟杆菌门的比例;放线菌目、芽孢杆菌目等的比例也有所增加;L13在单一菌剂中对蓝莓根际细菌群落结构的影响最为明显,厚壁菌门的改变是造成结构差异的主要因素.综上,纺锤形芽孢杆菌L13在两种微生物肥料中都能发挥其促生作用,在单一菌剂中作用更显著,土壤细菌群落结构的改变同�The aim of this research was to determine the effect of Bacillus fusiformis L13 on blueberry growth and rhizosphere soil when used as single species inoculant and compound microbial fertilizer.A field experiment was conducted using the blueberry breed Bluecrop.We set four treatments in this research,including no fertilizer as a control（CK） for the fermentation liquid of L13 as single species inoculant（P）,the normal biological fertilizer of mixture of yeast DY3,lactobacillus DY4 and decomposed chicken manure（OF） as a control for the compound microbial fertilizer（PF） of mixture of OF and L13.Then we measured the enzyme activity in leaves,fruit quality,nutrient content in plant,enzyme activity and physicochemical property of the rhizosphere soil,and the bacterial community of soil.The B.fusiformis L13 in the single species inoculant and the compound microbial fertilizer significantly decreased the titratable acid content,increased the content of total nitrogen and total potassium,and increased the available nitrogen,the total nitrogen,and the organic matter in the soil.We found L13promoted the growth of blueberry in both microbial fertilizers,being more effective in single application than in the compound one.Compared with CK,the P treatment had 61.9% lower leave MDA content,21.68% higher fruit anthocyanin,13.61% lower fruit titratable acid,and 4.12%,10.27%,8.63%,respectively,higher contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.The activity of soil invertase was 107.59% higher and the activity of soil acid phosphatase 21.36% higher.In addition,the total nitrogen,the organic matter,and the available nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium was 63.83%,84.54%,49.66%,31.28%,21.95%,respectively,higher in P treatment.The p H of the soil was significantly lower with L13 than the CK.We used a nextgeneration sequencing method,Illumina Miseq detecting the bacterial community of rhizosphere soil.And the results showed that the single species inoculant reduced the bacterial community richness and diversity compar

关 键 词：纺锤形芽孢杆菌 单一菌剂 复合微生物肥料 蓝莓 土壤 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学] S154[农业科学—园艺学]