施用河道污泥对水稻钾素吸收利用的影响  

Effects of dredged sludge field application on kalium uptake and utilization by rice(Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：刘红江[1] 郭智[1] 陈留根[1] 郑建初[1] 童红玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第5期932-938,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家"十二五"重大科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD14B12)资助~~

摘　　要：结合污染河道治理,以苏州市相城区望亭镇某河道污泥为研究对象,通过田间小区试验,设计施氮(N)量为120 kg/hm2(LN)、240 kg/hm2(NN)2个水平,探讨河道污泥农田施用对水稻不同生育时期钾(K)含量、吸收、分配和利用效率的影响.结果表明:1施用河道污泥使水稻不同生育时期植株含K率显著提高,各生育时期吸K量显著提高,植株含K率的增加幅度呈开口向下的抛物线变化趋势,抽穗期的增加幅度最大;2施用河道污泥对水稻多数生育时期K在茎鞘、叶片和穗中分配比例的影响未达到显著水平;3施用河道污泥使水稻不同生育时期K干物质生产效率均极显著降低,K籽粒生产效率和K收获指数显著降低,但水稻K肥偏生产力显著提高;4增施N肥,水稻不同生育时期的植株K含量和吸K量均得到显著或极显著增加,K干物质生产效率和K籽粒生产效率显著下降;5河道污泥×N对稻株K吸收利用多无显著互作效应.综上,施用河道污泥使水稻植株含K率、K吸收量显著提高,K干物质生产效率和K籽粒生产效率均显著降低.To study the effects of dredged sludge field application on rice kalium（K） concentration,uptake,efficiency and allocation at different growth stages,we used the dredged sludge in a pollutied river of Xiangcheng District in Suzhou in field plot scale in 2013 and 2014,with two levels of N input as low（LN,120 kg/hm^2） and normal N（NN,240 kg/hm^2）.The results showed that compared with AMB,dredged sludge significantly increased K concentration in rice plant over the season;the increasing rate showed a trend of gradual rise from mid-tillering to heading stage,but of gradual decline from heading stage to maturity.Dredged sludge significantly increased K accumulation in rice plant,but had no obvious effect on K allocation pattern in stems,leaves or spikes of rice at most growth stages.Dredged sludge resulted in the significant decrease in K use efficiency for biomass（KUEp） over the seasons and for grain yield（KUEg） at grain maturity,significant decrease in K harvest index（KHI） at the same time;it also improved K partial factor productivity of rice.The K concentration and accumulation at different growth stages of rice increased with the N supply（P 〈0.05 or 0.01）,but KUEp and KUEg showed the opposite trends.Interactions between dredged sludge × N were not observed for K uptake or utilization at most growth stages of rice.In summary,dredged sludge increased K concentration and K uptake,but significantly decre ased KUEp and KUEg at different growth stages of rice.

关 键 词：河道污泥 水稻 K素吸收 K素分配 K素效率 

分 类 号：S141.6[农业科学—肥料学]