沿海地区船员高血压发病率调查及影响因素分析  

作　　者：王璞[1] 王琦[1] 李涤病[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁波市第六医院心血管内科,315040

出　　处：《浙江临床医学》2016年第10期1947-1949,共3页Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的：调查沿海地区船员高血压发病率并分析其影响因素，为防治高血压提供理论依据。方法将2012年1月至2015年2月期间健康体格检查的650例沿海地区船员设为观察组，同期选择650例健康体格检查的陆地工作者设为对照组，比较两组人群高血压发病率，并对观察组人群采取问卷方式进行高血压相关影响因素的调查。结果观察组高血压发病率为31.23%，显著高于对照组的23.69%（P〈0.01）；观察组年龄40~59岁、有高血压家族史、有烟酒嗜好、睡眠质量差、体质指数≥24、饮食过咸及血脂异常人群高血压发病率明显高于年龄21~39岁、无家族史、无烟酒嗜好、睡眠质量好、体质指数〈24、非过咸饮食及血脂正常人群（P〈0.05）。结论沿海地区船员高血压发病率较高，其影响因素包括年龄、家族史、烟酒嗜好、睡眠质量等，需要进行广泛健康教育，在改善工作环境及生活条件的同时，倡导该群体低盐低脂饮食，戒烟限酒，控制体重，以降低高血压发病率。Objective To investigate the incidence rate of hypertension in seamen in coastal areas and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.MethodsA total of 650 cases of seamen in coastal areas who accepted healthy physical examination from January 2012 to February 2015 were selected as the observation group,in the same term,650 cases of land workers accepted healthy physical examination were selected as the control group. The incidence rates of hypertension in people of the two groups were compared,besides,a questionnaire survey was carried out on people in the observation group to investigate the influencing factors of hypertension. Results The incidence rate of hypertension in the observation group was 31.23%,which was significantly higher than the 23.69% of the control group （P〈0.01）;the incidence rates of hypertension in people of the observation group who were aged 40 to 60 years old and had positive family history, smoking-alcohol abuse,poor sleep quality,body mass index of greater than or equal to 24,high-salt diet and dyslipidemia were significantly higher than in people who are aged 20 to 39 years old and have negative family history,no smoking-alcohol abuse,good sleep quality,body mass index of smaller than 24,no high-salt diet and ortholiposis（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The incidence rate of hypertension in seamen in coastal areas was relatively high and the influencing factors contain age,family history,smoking-alcohol abuse,sleep quality,etc. So extensive health education needs to be conducted. The working environment and living conditions should be improved,meanwhile,it’s advocated that the group of people carry on low-salt,low-fat diet,quit smoking and forbear from alcohol and control the body weight,so as to reduce the incidence rate of hypertension.

关 键 词：沿海地区船员 高血压发病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R587.102[医药卫生—内分泌]