韧性视角下的历史街区保护与更新——以汕头小公园历史街区、佛山祖庙东华里历史街区为例  

Historical District Preservation And Renovation From Tenacity Angle: A Comparison Between Shantou And Foshan Cases

作　　者：袁奇峰[1,2] 蔡天抒 黄娜 

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划学会 [2]中山大学 [3]深圳市城市规划设计研究院 [4]佛山市城市规划勘测设计研究院

出　　处：《规划师》2016年第10期116-122,共7页Planners

基　　金：打造"理论粤军"2014年度重点课题项目(WT1425)

摘　　要：正如建筑有生命周期,历史街区的发展也处于"开发建设、稳态运营、破坏衰败、重组再生"的适应性循环的过程中。在快速城市化进程中,建筑和设施老旧的历史街区往往成为创造性破坏的对象。固守原状的静态"冻结式保护"往往难敌开发的诱惑,企业型政府有土地财政的诉求,开发商有资本盈利的诉求,居民有改善生活的诉求。如何将历史文化保护和政府、开发商与居民的诉求统筹起来,成为研究的重要课题。面临着物质结构和社会结构双向老化的锁定,汕头小公园历史街区稳态的丧失使其成为一片死去的沉淀的资产;而面临同样困境的佛山祖庙东华里历史街区则通过引入资本推动空间重构而达到新的稳态,由于有利可图,大部分历史街区的物质性要素得以存续。历史街区空间重构的经济韧性取决于改造项目的尺度;其社会韧性取决于改造项目的公共性;而能否调动一切力量保护历史文化的价值则决定了其制度韧性。Historical district experience a lifecycle of ＂development, operation, decline, regeneration＂ like buildings. Old buildings and districts suffer creative destruction in the fast process of urbanization. ＂Frozen preservation＂ of historical district has proven ineffective in the face of development. Integration of the benefits of different stakeholders is important in the preservation of historic culture. Xiaogongyuan historical block in Shantou has become a fossil property due to physical and social structure stagnation, whereas Donghuali in Foshan has been regenerated to a new level of stability via spatial restructuring boosted by influx of capital. The project scale dictates its economic tenacity, the publicity decides its social tenacity, and the capability of preserving history and culture is the essence of institutional tenacity.

关 键 词：历史街区 历史文化保护 韧性 空间重构 

分 类 号：TU984.189[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]