基于健康教育机构视角探讨四川省居民健康素养的影响因素  

Analysis on influence factors of residents' health literacy based on health education institutions in Sichuan Province

作　　者：杨文博[1] 冉茂琴 徐凡凡 谢娜 孙率 吴玉菊[1] 陈跃辉[1] 周欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康与社会行为学系,四川成都610041 [2]四川省卫生与计划生育委员会宣传处,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2016年第10期876-878,883,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：【基金项目】四川省健康教育与健康促进体系建设研究(0040405502074)

摘　　要：目的 了解四川省健康教育机构及居民健康素养的现状,从健康教育机构的视角探索影响居民健康素养的因素,为改善健康教育机构现状,提高居民健康素养提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,选取四川省16个健康素养监测点居民作为研究对象,采用国家制定的全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷,入户进行面对面调查。此外,根据四川省健康教育机构报表,收集四川省健康素养监测点的区县级健康教育机构的基本信息。运用多水平统计模型从健康教育机构视角分析居民健康素养的影响因素。结果 在16个样本区（县）共完成有效调查4574人,健康素养具备率为6.56%。在当地健康教育机构中,仅有29.38%的健康教育机构有预防专业人员,健康教育工作者平均年龄为（39.14±6.90）岁,平均工作年限为（3.18±3.78）年。多水平统计分析结果显示,健康教育机构有预防专业人员（OR=11.98,P〈0.01）和32~46岁的健康教育工作者工作年限较短（OR=0.77,P〈0.05）,其当地居民健康素养具备率越高。结论 四川省居民的健康素养处于一个低水平层次。为了提高居民健康素养水平,优化当地健康教育机构的年龄结构,增加专业人员数量成为必要。Objective To investigate the situation of health education institutions and explore the factors that affect residents＇ health literacy from the perspective of health education institutions, and provide scientific methods on improving residents＇ health literacy and the status of health education institutions. Methods Multi-stage random sampling method was used to select the residents of 16 institutions in Sichuan Province. The national developed health literacy-monitoring question- naire was used to collect health literacy monitoring data, a face-to-face household survey was carried out. The health educa- tion institutions reports in Sichuan Province were used to collect institutions＇ basic information. Mufti-level statistical models analyzed results. Results 4574 residents were surveyed from 16 counties. The rate of residents＇ health literacy was 6. 56%. Only 29. 38% of health education institutions had preventive professionals, the average years of health educators was （39. 14 ± 6. 90） and the average years of working was （3.18 ± 3.78 ） years. Mufti-level statistical analysis showed that influencing factors of health literacy in Sichuan Province were whether there had preventive professional qualifications and the average age of health educators. Conclusion The health literacy of residents in Sichuan Province is at low level. In order to achieve the goal of improving the health literacy level in Sichuan Province, the structure of the health education team should be optimized, and the number of professionals should be increased.

关 键 词：健康教育机构 居民健康素养 影响因素 多水平统计模型 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]