窄间隙约束下熔化极气体保护焊的电弧形态和熔滴过渡分析  

Detection and Analysis of Arc Shape and Droplet Transfer Behavior of Narrow Gap GMAW

作　　者：顾玉芬[1] 何冠宇[2] 石玗[1,2] 何伟[2] 朱明[2] GUYufen HEGuanyu SHI Yu HE Wei ZHUMing(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metal Alloys and Processing of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学有色金属合金及加工教育部重点实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报》2016年第10期1526-1529,1534,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)前期专项(2014CB660810);国家自然科学基金项目(51305189);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA119);北京石油化工学院光机电装备技术北京市重点实验室开放课题(KF2015-01)资助

摘　　要：为研究采用平特性焊接电源和窄间隙约束下的电弧行为,建立了窄间隙熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)试验系统,利用高速摄像系统观察电弧的爬升现象、电弧的形态和熔滴过渡过程,分析了窄间隙约束条件下产生电弧爬升现象的原因,并利用静力平衡理论分析不同电弧形态下熔滴过渡中的受力情况.结果表明:窄间隙GMAW焊接过程中的电弧爬升现象是由最小电压原理与电弧自调节共同作用的结果;电弧形态可按不同的导电路径分为3类,并均归结于最小电压原理的作用;窄间隙GMAW的熔滴过渡形式与不同电弧形态下的电磁力的大小和方向有关.In order to study the arc behavior under the constraint of narrow gap with flat output characteristic power source, a narrow gap gas metal arc welding （GMAW） experiment system was established. The climbing behavior of arc, the arc shape and droplet transfer were acquired by using a high-speed video acquisition system. The reason for the arc climbing phenomenon under the constraint of narrow gap was analyzed. By using the static equilibrium theory, the force of the droplet transfer in different arc shapes was analyzed. The results show that the climbing behavior of arc in the process of narrow gap GMAW is caused by the interaction of minimum voltage principle and selbadjusting of the arc. The arc shape can be divided into three kinds according to different conduction paths by the effect of minimum voltage principle, and the droplet transfer form of narrow gap GMAW is related to the size and direction of the electromagnetic force in different arc shapes.

关 键 词：窄间隙 熔化极气体保护焊 电弧爬升 电弧形态 熔滴过渡 

分 类 号：TG403[金属学及工艺—焊接]