真空电弧推力器技术发展现状及趋势  

THE REVIEW OF VACUUM ARC THRUSTER

作　　者：任亮[1] 张天平[1] 吴先明[1] 李啸天[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《真空与低温》2016年第5期265-270,共6页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：CAST基金项目(YJJ0701);LIP自主研发项目(YSC0716)

摘　　要：随着微纳卫星平台技术的迅猛发展,应用真空电弧推力器作为其姿态控制和轨道转移的动力来源得到了研究人员的重视。相比于传统的冷气推进和离子电推进,真空电弧推力器具有小型化、低功耗、低电压、高效率、高比冲、宽范围可调、低成本、长寿命和高可靠性等技术优势。在调研国外真空电弧推力器技术发展的基础上,介绍了真空电弧推力器的系统组成、基础理论、工作原理和关键技术,简要分析了真空电弧推力器的技术特点、研究进展和发展趋势,为未来真空电弧推力器的技术研究和研制提供了参考。With the development of micro/nano- satellite platform in recent years,the application of Vacuum Arc Thruster（VAT）as the main thrust source for attitude control and orbital maneuver gains attention of researchers. Compared with traditional cold-gas engine and ion thruster propulsion,VAT has many advantages,such as,miniaturization,low power consumption,low voltage,high efficiency,high specific impulse,wide range regulable,low cost,long lifetime and high reliability. This paper reviewed on the abroad technical development of VAT and presented VAT＇s system composition,basic theory,physical process and key technologies. The VAT＇s technical characteristics,research progresses and development tendency were also analyzed,which would serve the technical research and system development of VAT in the future.

关 键 词：真空电弧 微推力器 微纳卫星 阴极斑点 

分 类 号：V43[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]