Effects of Poplar Plantations on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils:A Case Study in the North China Plain  

耕地转种速生林对土壤理化性质的影响——以华北平原种植点为例（英文）

作　　者：王佳月[1,2] 辛良杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2016年第5期352-359,共8页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101085,41571095)

摘　　要：In recent years, large areas of farmland in the North China Plain have been converted into short-rotation poplar plantations. To analyze the impacts of poplar plantations on soil, 22 soil samples were collected and assayed from the soil profiles of a corn field and a poplar plantation. The results showed that the average soil moisture content of the soil profile in the poplar field was 2.6 percent lower than that of the arable land. The maximum dif- ference in soil moisture content was found in the upper 0-10 cm of topsoil. Soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the cornfield were significantly higher than in the poplar field. Higher nutrient content in the corn field may result from higher fertilizer inputs and the practice of returning straw to the cropped field. The analysis also showed no significant increase in soil organic matter content in deeper soil layers of the poplar field, which means that the conditions are not favorable for the formation of soil organic matter, or that soil organic matter needs a longer time to develop. Elements such as magnesium, iron, manganese and copper in both the corn field and the poplar field had a tendency to accumulate with increasing soil depth. Magnesium, iron, manganese and copper in the 0-80 cm soil layer of the poplar field were higher than those of the cornfield, but the situation was reversed at depths greater than 80 cm. It is concluded that poplar trees consume a large amount of soil moisture and soil nutrients. Local governments should prevent the development of new plantations of fast-growing trees in farmland and help farmers to recover their farmland from forestry plantations.近年来我国许多地区出现了大面积的耕地转种速生林的现象。为了明确速生林对土壤理化性质的影响,本研究采用实地采样并对样品进行理化试验分析的方法,选择同一农户的相邻玉米地与速生杨树地的土壤剖面(0-120 cm)作为研究样点,通过对土壤剖面水分与元素含量的研究,分析了山东省调查点传统农田转种速生林后对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,传统农田转为速生杨树林后,土壤水分含量明显降低,剖面整体降低2.6个百分点,土壤表层0-10 cm降低最为明显,相差6.28个百分点;对土壤养分来讲,人工林地的有机质与N、P、K含量普遍要低于传统耕地,这主要是由于传统农田秸秆还田与化肥施用量较人工林地大的缘故。速生林地深层土壤中的有机质较传统农田并没有明显增加,说明速生林地深层土壤缺乏有机质形成的条件,或有机质形成需要较长的时间。从土壤元素来看,玉米地与速生林地的Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu等元素均表现出随着土层变深元素含量增加的趋势,从两者的对比来看,传统农田转变为速生林地后,在0-80 cm深度,速生林剖面土壤中的Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu等元素含量要高于传统农田,而在80 cm以下,速生林剖面土壤中的Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu等元素含量要低于传统农田。由此可见,速生林地的发展不仅消耗大量的土壤水分,对土壤肥力也产生了明显的负面影响,作为水分短缺且为我国粮食主产区的北方地区,不适宜大规模开展速生林种植。

关 键 词：poplar plantations North China Plain soil physical properties soil chemical properties 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]