营区军训和野外长途行军对军校新生心理健康的影响  

Effect of barracks military training and field long march on freshmen＇ mental health in military university

作　　者：赵芸萱[1,2] 贺英[2,3] 杨国愉[2] 赵梦雪[2] 彭怡[4] 蒲晓宇[5] 钱华[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆工程职业技术学院校医院,402260 [2]第三军医大学心理学院军人发展与教育心理学教研室,重庆400038 [3]成都军区解放军第324医院精神卫生中心,重庆404000 [4]解放军后勤工程学院心理咨询中心,重庆401331 [5]解放军后勤工程学院军事共同科目教研室,重庆401331

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2016年第9期876-880,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：全军医药卫生“十二五”重大项目（AWS13J003）;国家社科基金（11XSH016）;军队心理卫生科研基金（12XLZ219）;中国学位与研究生教育学会研究课题（2013Y13）;重庆市研究生教育教学改革研究项目（yjg133087,yjg153027）

摘　　要：目的探讨野外长途行军综合训练对军校新生心理健康和心理素质的影响。方法采用症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90, SCL-90）、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale, SAS）、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale, SDS）、特质焦虑量表（trait anxiety inventory，TAI）和军人心理素质问卷（mental quality questionnaire for army men，MQQA）于不同军训阶段对某军校330名新生进行心理测评。采用SPSS 18.0行配对样本t检验，对训练效果进行评价。结果①营区军训后，除抑郁因子外，新生SCL-90各因子得分和总均分显著下降（P＜0.05）；与军训前相比，野外长途行军后军校新生SCL-90各因子得分和总均分显著下降（P＜0.05）；与营区军训后相比，野外长途行军后军校新生SCL-90各因子，除恐怖、偏执、精神病性外，其余因子得分和总均分显著下降（P＜0.05）。②SDS、SAS得分随军训的进行呈先升后降的倒“V”形变化趋势。营区军训后，SAS、SDS得分显著升高（P＜0.01）；与军训前相比，野外长途行军后军校新生TAI得分显著下降（P＜0.01）；与营区军训后相比，野外长途行军综合训练后军校新生SAS、SDS和TAI得分显著下降（P＜0.05）。③营区军训和野外长途行军综合训练后，新生〈br〉 心理素质各因子得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论野外长途行军能有效提高军校新生心理健康水平，缓解其焦虑和抑郁情绪。Objective To study the effect of field long march comprehensive training on freshmen＇ mental quality and mental health in military university. Methods Mental quality questionnaire for army men （MQQA）, symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90）, self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） and trait anxiety inventory （TAI） were carried out on 330 freshmen at various stages on their military training. All data were analyzed by paired-sample t test. Results ①As compared with pre-training, all SCL-90 factor scores except depression factor decreased significantly （P＜0.05）; compared to barracks military training, recruits revealed a decrease （P＜0.05） in all SCL-90 factors except factors on fear, paranoia and mental disorder. ②The scores of SDS and SAS displayed a“V”shape as they decreased after the early rise at the course of military training. After the barracks military training, SAS and SDS scored high （P＜0.01）;Compared with pre-training, TAI scores dropped significantly （P＜0.01） after field long march; compared with post barracks military traning results, SAS, SDS and TAI scores of recruits after field long march decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. ③After barracks military training and field long march comprehensive training, recuits＇ mental quality factors scored no significant distinction （P＞0.05）. Conclusion Filed long march effectively improved mental health of military university recruits and relived their anxiety as well as depression.

关 键 词：野外长途行军 军校新生 心理健康 军事训练 量表 

分 类 号：R6[医药卫生—外科学]