新型改性PVDF中空纤维膜直接分离模拟棕榈油废水的研究  

Study on direct separation of simulated plam oily wastewater by a novel modified PVDF hollow fiber membrane

作　　者：聂士超 周晓吉 刘坤朋[1] 沈舒苏[1,2] 杨晶晶[1,2] 白仁碧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院分离净化材料与技术研发中心,苏州215009 [2]江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2016年第5期16-23,共8页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478282);苏州市分离净化材料与技术重点实验室(SZS201512);苏州市水利水务科研课题(2015-7-1)

摘　　要：采用一种经亲水疏油改性的PVDF中空纤维膜对模拟棕榈油废水进行了直接油水分离的试验研究.结果表明,该种改性膜能耗低,适合在较低的压差范围（0.08~0.10 MPa）工作,在浓水回流量为初始通量的1.5倍情况下运行效果较佳,进液温度的提高有助于渗透通量的增加和通量衰减的降低,使用45℃的NaOH-SDS混合溶液可完全去除膜的不可逆污染.在进水油浓度从50mg/L至高达1×105 mg/L的试验范围,改性PVDF中空纤维膜对模拟棕榈油废水表现出良好的分离效果,出水TOC含量低于5mg/L,2h过滤通量衰减率为21.2%~59.0%,经清洗后膜通量恢复率接近100%.连续多周期运行的结果证明这种新型改性膜有效地克服了一般有机聚合物膜极易被油污染的缺陷,具有可以直接和较为广泛地用于油水分离的巨大潜力.Simulated palm oily wastewater was directly separated by a modified hollow fiber membrane with both hydrophilic and oleophobic surface properties. This research realized a low energy cost of the hollow fiber membrane which is suitable to work under a relative low operation pressure （0. 08-0. 10 MPa）. A better results may be contained when the backflow was 1. 5 times of the initial permeate flux. By increasing the feed temperature, the permeate flux was increased and the flux decay rate was decreased. It was found that 0. 1% （mass fraction） mixture of NaOH and SDS had superior effect for irreversible fouling 45 ℃. The modified hollow fiber membranes demonstrated an excellent performance in the separation of simulated plam oily wastewater from the low feed concentration of 50 mg/L to an even high feed concentration of 1× 10^5 mg/L, and the TOC values of all the pemeate were below 5 mg/L. The flux decay rate after 2 h permeation were around 21.2% to 59.0%. Almost 100% flux recovery rate was achieved for the rinses. The polymer membranes are hard to be widely and directly applied into the separation of oily wastewater, because the membranes can be easily polluted by oils. However, such obstacles can be overcome by using the novel modified PVDF hollow fiber membrane.

关 键 词：改性PVDF中空纤维膜 模拟棕榈油废水 油水分离 操作条件 运行效果 

分 类 号：X792[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ051.893[化学工程]