北疆不同长势机采棉田光合物质积累与分配的比较研究  

Comparative Study of Photosynthetic Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Different Sites Machine-harvested Cotton in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：郑慧[1] 张巨松[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/教育部棉花工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第10期1778-1785,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B02);新疆维吾尔自治区"十二五"科技支撑项目(201231102);(2014BAD0904)~~

摘　　要：【目的】在北疆自然生态条件下,研究不同长势机采棉田光合物质积累与分配特性,为北疆机采棉高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以新陆早57号为供试棉花品种,通过大田对比试验,调查研究机采棉种植模式下不同长势棉田叶面积指数LAI、净光合速率Pn、干物质积累与分配特性。【结果】稳健型棉花盛铃后LAI下降慢,吐絮时分别较偏旺型、早衰型棉花高22.33%、45.37%。吐絮时,稳健型棉花的Pn为11.57μmol/(m^2·s),分别比偏旺型、早衰型棉花高出38.23%和119.54%;稳健型棉花生殖器官分别较偏旺型、早衰型棉花高35.17%、55.91%。【结论】稳健型棉花LAI、Pn中后期保持较高水平,向生殖器官转移的干物质量大,有利于产量的形成。【Objective】To study the characteristics of photosynthetic matter accumulation and distribution of different sites of machine-harvested cotton in natural ecological conditions in northern Xinjiang in the hope of providing high-yield cultivation theoretical basis for machine-harvested cotton of northern Xinjiang.【Method】Xinluzao 57 was used as experimental material,the leaf area index（ LAI）,net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,characteristics of dry matter accumulation and distribution under the cropping pattern of machine-harvested cotton were studied by field contrast test. 【Result】The LAI of robust cotton declined slowly after boll stage,which was 22. 33% and 45. 37% higher than prosperous cotton and early-senescent cotton respectively at the boll opening stage; The Pn of steady cotton was 11. 57 μmol/（ m2·s）,which was 38. 23% and119. 54% higher than that of prosperous cotton and early-senescent cotton respectively at the boll opening stage; The dry matter of reproductive organs of robust cotton was 35. 17%,55. 91% higher than that of prosperous cotton and early-senescent cotton respectively at the boll opening stage.【Conclusion】The LAI and Pn of the steady type cotton were at a high level at the end of growing season and the amount of dry matter of reproductive organs were more than that of prosperous cotton and early-senescent cotton,which was conducive to the formation of yield production.

关 键 词：机采棉 光合物质 分配 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]