从引进试验看新疆春播适宜种植的玉米品种  

The Suitability of Spring-sowing Maize Varieties in Xinjiang by Introduction Experiment

作　　者：卢保红 贾晓军[2] 侯有良 张小伟[2] 张广峰 吴新明[2] 魏荣业 杜如珊 钟改荣 丁变红 陈江鲁[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农科院玉米研究所,山西忻州034000 [2]新疆生产建设兵团六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠831300

出　　处：《农学学报》2016年第10期6-11,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：山西省科技产业化环境建设项目"中早熟玉米种质资源引进及新品种选育推广"(2012072020)

摘　　要：科技援疆是国家的一项重大战略决策。为促进新疆玉米科研发展并探索引种经验和高产经验,提高玉米的经济效益,山西玉米所2013年开始进行玉米新品种在当地的引种试验。通过引种山西近年育成的42个玉米品种,采用设置对照,间比排列试验,进行田间精细管理,并调查了各农艺性状等。从试验结果可以看出环境改变和密度增加、覆膜栽培对株高、穗位、生育期产生了影响,大部分品种不能适应新疆气候,但仍有部分品种生育期适中,农艺性状优良,抗性优良,产量超过对照,说明山西育成的部分品种对新疆的气候和栽培模式有较好的适应性,可以筛选利用。因此,笔者认为适宜新疆春播种植的玉米品种应具有高的产量潜力,耐密植栽培,生育期适中,抗倒能力强和适合机械化作业等特性。Scientific and technical support to Xinjiang is a strategic policy in China. In order to promote the development of maize research, explore the introduction and high yield production in Xinjiang, and improve the economic efficiency of maize, an introduction test of new maize varieties was carried out by Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences since 2013. Through the introduction of 42 maize varieties bred in Shanxi in recent years, the experiment was conducted by setting up the control and the interval comparison arrangement. The field fine management was also carried out. And the agronomic characters were investigated. The test results showed that due to environment change and density increase, film mulching cultivation affected plant height, ear height, and growth period. Most species could not adapt to the climate in Xinjiang, but there were still some varieties showed moderate growth period, excellent agronomic characters and excellent resistance. Their yields were higher than that of the control. It indicated that some varieties bred in Shanxi had better adaptability to the climate and cultivation mode in Xinjiang, and they could be screened and used. Therefore, we thought that for popularizing the spring- sowing maize varieties in Xinjiang, the varieties must have characteristics including high yield, enduring high- density planting,moderate growth period, strong lodging resistance and suitable for mechanical operation.

关 键 词：科技援疆 引种试验 玉米 适宜品种 特性 

分 类 号：S513-33[农业科学—作物学]