春播早熟区谷田除草剂筛选及对谷子产量的影响  

Herbicides: Selection and Effect on Millet Yield in Spring-seeding and Early-maturing Region

作　　者：任月梅[1] 杨忠[1] 郭瑞锋[1] 张绶[1] 冯婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家谷子糜子产业技术体系大同综合试验站/山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037008

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第30期163-170,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部科教司;国家现代农业谷子糜子产业技术体系建设专项资金"国家现代农业谷子糜子产业技术体系大同综合试验站"(CARS-07-12.5-B7);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目"优质;抗逆谷子新品种选育与应用"(2014-089);山西省科技成果推广项目"农作物新品种的种植及推广应用"(2014071001-2)

摘　　要：为进一步明确适合在春播早熟区应用的除草剂种类与用量,为该区域普及谷子轻简高效栽培技术提供技术支撑。选择4种当地农资市场出售的主要谷田除草剂及两种喷施方法,对株防效、鲜重防效、产量、出苗率及株高进行研究。结果得出:(1)10%单嘧磺隆对双子叶杂草防效高达92%以上,且5种浓度基本一致。综合对单、双子叶杂草的25天和40天防效,莠去津播后苗前≥10%单嘧磺隆≥二甲四氯钠≥莠去津苗后≥2,4-D丁酯,其中以莠去津除草剂播种后出苗前以浓度3000、4500 g/hm^2喷施效果最好。(2)10%单嘧磺隆除草剂的3000、2250 g/hm^2处理、莠去津播后苗前喷施750、1500 g/hm^2处理增产幅度大。(3)对出苗影响小的是:莠去津播后苗前750、1500 g/hm^2处理、10%单嘧磺隆除草剂的1500、2250 g/hm^2处理、2,4-D丁酯1500 g/hm^2处理。前期抑制生长强烈的是10%单嘧磺隆和莠去津播后苗前处理。综所上述:适宜的除草剂、用药浓度及施用方法为10%单嘧磺隆除草剂的1500、2250 g/hm^2和莠去津除草剂播种后出苗前1500 g/hm^2喷施。To select suitable kinds and dosages of herbicides and popularize simple and efficient cultivation techniques of millet in spring-seeding and early-maturing region, four main herbicides in local agriculturalmaterial market and two spraying methods were used study the herbicides＇ effect on plant controleffectiveness, fresh weight control effectiveness, yield, emergence rate and plant height. The results showedthat：（1） the control effectiveness of 10% monosulfuron to cotyledon weeds was more than 92%, and the effectwas consistent among five concentrations; the control effectiveness of 25 and 40 days to monocotyledon andcotyledon weeds followed an order of： atrazine sprayed after the sowing and before seedling≥ 10%monosulfuron≥ MCPA-Na≥ atrazine sprayed after seedling≥ 2,4-D butyl ester, the best control effectivenesswas found in atrazine sprayed after the sowing and before seedling, and the optimum dosages were 3000 and4500 g/hm^2;（2） 3000 and 2250 g/hm^2 treatments of 10% monosulfuron and 750 and 1500 g/hm^2 treatment ofatrazine sprayed after the sowing and before seedling increased the yield significantly;（3） 750 and 1500 g/hm^2 treatment of atrazine sprayed after sowing and before seedling, 1500 and 2250 g/hm^2 treatment of 10%monosulfuron and 1500 g/hm^2 treatment of 2,4- D butyl ester had little influence on sprouting; 10%monosulfuron and atrazine sprayed after sowing and before seedling inhibited growth strongly in the early stage.In conclusion, the suitable herbicides for the region were 10% monosulfuron with the dosage of 1500 and2250 g/hm^2 and atrazine sprayed after sowing and before seedling with the dosage of 1500 g/hm^2.

关 键 词：谷田除草剂 筛选 产量 

分 类 号：S451.229[农业科学—植物保护]