陕西省商洛市山区留守儿童看护人麻疹相关知识行为影响因素分析  

Factors Influencing Measles-related Knowledge and Behavior among Caregivers of Left-behind Children in Mountainous Areas of Shangluo City,Shaanxi Province

作　　者：白晶[1,2] 张少白[3] 戴侃记 张建霞[2] 任占良[2] 陈志军[1] 闫红英[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院,陕西西安710061 [2]商洛市疾病预防控制中心,陕西商洛726000 [3]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2016年第5期551-555,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家卫生计生委与联合国儿童基金会加强西部麻疹项目健康教育子项目(C4D)

摘　　要：目的了解山区留守儿童看护人麻疹相关知识掌握情况及影响因素,为麻疹相关健康知识宣传策略提供依据。方法在陕西省商洛市镇安县随机抽取10个镇,每个镇按照距镇政府所在地近、中、远距离随机抽取3个村,每个村连续调查10户7岁以下留守儿童看护人,由统一培训的调查员入户对儿童看护人及接种人员进行面对面问卷调查。结果共调查300名儿童看护人,看护人麻疹相关知识知晓率为74.6%,儿童含麻疹成分疫苗首剂及时接种率为73.5%,看护人信息获取途径以接种医生为主（95.7%）。低学历是影响看护人麻疹相关知识知晓的危险因素（OR=0.26,95%CI：0.11-0.76）,看护人为汉族系保护因素（OR=2.27,95%CI：1.34-3.84）。结论留守儿童看护人麻疹相关知识知晓率低,需加强对接种医生麻疹相关知识、宣传技能的培训,以及留守儿童看护人特别是低学历、少数民族者的麻疹相关健康教育。Objective To determine the level of awareness about measles-related knowledge among caregivers of left-behind children in mountainous areas and factors influencing awareness,and to provide evidence for strategies of health education about measles. Methods We randomly selected 10 townships in Zhen＇an county,Shangluo city,Shaanxi province,and 3 villages in each township according to their distances from the township government. Ten caregivers of children under 7 years of age were selected from each village. Caregivers and vaccinators were interviewed by trained investigators through a questionnaire survey. Results A total of 300 caregivers were studied. The rate of awareness of measles-related knowledge among caregivers was 74. 6%. Vaccination coverage of the first dose of measles-containing vaccine among children was 73. 5%. 95. 7% of caregivers accepted knowledge from vaccinators. Low educational background of caregivers was a risk factor for lack of awareness of measles-related knowledge（ OR =2. 27; 95% CI： 0. 11-0. 76） and the Han ethnicity was a protective factor（ OR = 0. 26; 95% CI： 1. 34-3. 84）. Conclusions The awareness rate of measles-related knowledge was low among caregivers of leftbehind children. We suggest to improve training of measles-related knowledge and educating skills of vaccinators and measles-related health education among caregivers of left-behind children,particularly those with low educational background or who are minorities.

关 键 词：留守儿童 看护人 麻疹相关知识 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]