利用数据挖掘技术分析甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗预防接种异常反应可疑信号  

Signal Detection for Vaccine Reactions from Hepatitis A Attenuated Live Vaccine Using Data Mining Techniques

作　　者：刘宇[1] 郑慧贞[1] 谢莘[1] 蓝韵华 邱泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2016年第5期566-570,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：广东省医学科学研究基金应用数据挖掘技术建立疫苗安全监测自动预警系统初步研究(编号B2014019)

摘　　要：目的利用数据发掘技术分析广东省2009-2014年甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗（Hepatitis A Attenuated Live Vaccine,Hep A-L）预防接种异常反应的可疑信号。方法利用比例失衡分析（Disproportionality Analysis,DPA）频数法中的报告比值比（Reporting Odds Ratio,ROR）和比例报告比（Proportional Reporting Ratio,PRR）及贝叶斯法中的贝叶斯置信传播神经网络（Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network,BCPNN）和模糊贝叶斯伽马-泊松收缩论（Empirical Bayes Gamma-Poisson Shrinker,GPS）方法,对广东省2009-2014年疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）信息管理系统中报告的有明确诊断的Hep A-L预防接种异常反应进行分析,检测可疑信号。结果广东省2009-2014年有8 233例明确诊断的预防接种异常反应个案参与分析,其中Hep A-L的异常反应169例,占2.05%,使用ROR和PRR分析发现7个可疑信号,使用BCPNN和GPS方法共发现2个可疑信号。4种方法发现的可疑信号主要是接种Hep A-L后过敏性休克和喉头水肿。结论过敏性休克和喉头水肿为已知的Hep A-L的预防接种异常反应,利用DPA方法发现可疑信号增高的警示,需要更严谨的流行病学方法对信号进行评估。Objective To detect suspected signals for vaccine reactions from hepatitis A attenuated live vaccine（ Hep A-L） using data mining techniques in 2009-2014 in Guangdong province. Methods We used four Disproportionality Analysis（ DPA） methods,including reporting odds ratio（ ROR）,proportional reporting ratio（ PRR）,Bayesian confidence propagation neural network（ BCPNN）,and empirical Bayes Gamma-Poisson shrinker（ GPS） to detect suspected vaccine safety signals. Data of rare vaccine reactions with clinical diagnoses related to Hep A-L in 2009-2014 were collected by Chinese National Information System for Adverse Events Following Immunization Surveillance. Results A total of 8 233 rare vaccine reactions with clinical diagnoses were reported in Guangdong from 2009 to 2014,in which 169（ 2. 05%） were related to Hep A-L. Seven suspected vaccine safety signals were detected by ROR and PRR,and 2 signals were detected by BCPNN and GPS. The main suspected vaccine safety signals were anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema. Conclusions Anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema,known rare vaccine reactions after Hep A-L immunization,were identified as two increased suspected signals by DPA methods. These signals need to be evaluated by more rigorous epidemiological methods.

关 键 词：数据挖掘技术 比例失衡分析 甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗 预防接种异常反应 信号 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]