金属离子对双氧水热稳定性的影响研究  

Effect of metal ions on the thermal stability of hydrogen peroxide

作　　者：朱希增[1] 朱顺兵[1] 张文兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全工程学院,江苏省危险化学品本质安全与控制技术重点实验室,南京210009

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第5期173-176,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为了研究金属离子对双氧水在绝热条件下分解特性的影响,利用泄放尺寸设计装置VSP2模拟双氧水及分别掺杂0.01%质量分数Fe^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、Gu^(2+)的双氧水在绝热条件下的反应失控过程,得到绝热分解过程的热力学和动力学参数,依此推算出该4种试样25 kg包装下的自加速分解温度SADT,以及绝热条件下到达最大反应速率的时间TMRad。结果表明,Fe^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、Gu^(2+)使双氧水的起始分解温度T0、SADT、TMRad均降低,提高了双氧水的热危险性。在Fe^(3+)的作用下,双氧水在常温下就发生缓慢分解,发生失控的可能性最大;掺杂了Gu^(2+)的双氧水分解反应最剧烈,热失控严重度最高。The present paper is attempting to bring about its study results of the effects of metal ions on the thermal stability of hydrogen peroxide hydrogen peroxide due to its relatively weak thermal stability and in turn tends to be prone to incur severe fires and explosions. It is also likely to lead to thermal hazards by incompatible reactions with metal ions during its production,storage,transportation and practical application. In hoping to make a steady-fast evaluation of the effects of metal ions on the adiabatic decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide,it is believed necessary to use VSP2（ Vent Size Package 2） to conduct the thermal runaway reaction with pure H_2O_2 and the mixture of H_2O_2with0. 01% Fe（2＋）,Fe（3＋）,Gu（2＋）in proper ratio. For example,the low thermal capacity of the cell（ 116 m L） can help to ensure all the reaction heat released remain within the testing sample and the system under the adiabatic conditions. At the same time,we have also recorded all the thermodynamic parameters involved in the adiabatic conditions,such as the temperature,pressure,as well as the rising rate of the temperature and that of the pressure.What is more,we have also worked out the self-accelerating decomposition temperature of SADT and the time to the maximum rate TMRadat 25 ℃ from the dynamic data. The results of our study indicate that the onset exothermic decomposition temperature of 15% H_2O_2 should be 50 ℃,whereas the highest reaction temperature has to reach 139 ℃, maximum self-heating rate（（ d T/dt）max） was 52 ℃/min,maximum pressure rise rate（（ dp/dt）max） was 3. 95 MPa/min,and the maximum pressure was4. 16 MPa. In addition,the metal ions tend to have great impact on the degree of thermal explosion hazards. For example,in our experiments we have proved that Fe（2＋）,Fe（3＋）,Gu（2＋）help to reduce the onset exothermic temperature T0,SADT,TMRad,thus potentially increasing the risks of thermal runaway significantly.Besides,under the promotional effects of F

关 键 词：安全工程 金属离子 热失控 VSP2 双氧水 热危险性 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]