泥磷中温蒸馏提取黄磷设备材料腐蚀特性研究  

Characteristics study on equipment material corrosion in the process of distilling yellow phosphor from phosphorous sludge under moderate temperature

作　　者：岩利 李志林 吴佳霖[3] 俞瑶[3] 江映翔[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100 [2]玉溪市环境监测站,云南玉溪653100 [3]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第5期325-330,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：蒸磷法是国内从泥磷中提取黄磷的最常用方法,但该方法常存在蒸磷釜局部氧化严重、设备腐蚀较快等问题。模拟泥磷中温蒸馏提取黄磷的腐蚀试验,分析了Q235钢、45钢和304不锈钢3种材料在泥磷水分蒸发(100℃)和黄磷提取(290℃)2个阶段中质量与时间、材料腐蚀速率与时间的关系。采用扫描电镜(SEM)对腐蚀较严重的45钢材料进行了微观形貌分析,并分别用能谱分析仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对腐蚀产物成分及其相组成进行分析。结果表明:在100℃和290℃时,45钢的腐蚀速率最大,Q235钢次之,304不锈钢最小;45钢和Q235不锈钢100℃时腐蚀速率大于290℃时,而304不锈钢100℃时腐蚀速率小于290℃时。研究表明,304不锈钢的抗腐蚀能力最强,其次是Q235钢,而45钢抗腐蚀能力最弱。The given paper is inclined to bring about its analysis of the material corrosion problem under moderate temperature when it is used for building the yellow phosphor distillation equipment due to the phosphorous sludge corrosion in the process,which is quite common in China＇s chemical industry for the time being. The corrosion in the yellow phosphorus production proves quite serious due to the local oxidation of the kettle and the quick corrosion of the equipment wall. Nevertheless,little has been found done to solve the corrosion problem. To solve the problem,we have made a simulated experiment of the yellow phosphor distillation process under moderate temperatures,e. g. the stage of100 ℃ for water evaporation and 290 ℃,that for the yellow phosphor extraction. During the process of the experiments,we have carefully observed the relation between the experimental material weight variation and time in hoping to disclose the relation between the corrosion rate and time by using the equipment made by Q235 steel,45 steel,and 304 stainless steel. The experimental analysis has been done by using the scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） for the microstructure of 45 steel and through the energy dispersive system（ EDS） and X-ray spectrometry（ XRS）for the constituent and phase composition of its corrosion products,respectively. The results of our experimental analysis indicate that the corrosion rate of 45 steel tends to be higher when the distillation temperature remains at the temperatures of 100 ℃ and290 ℃,which is followed by Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel.The corrosion rate of 45 steel,Q235 steel at 100 ℃ tend to be greater than those at 290 ℃,whereas the corrosion rate of 304 stainless steel at 100 ℃ turns to be lower than that at 290 ℃. In conclusion,the corrosion resistance rate of the materials tends to get decreased in a descending order of 304 stainless steel Q235 steel 45 steel. Furthermore,we have also found that the high corrosion resistance of the metal is closely related with

关 键 词：环境工程学 泥磷 中温蒸馏 腐蚀行为 Q235钢 45钢 304不锈钢 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]