徽州牌坊表面几种有害污染物的化学清洗研究  

A Study on the Chemical Cleaning of Several Types of Harmful Pollutants on the Surface of Huizhou Memorial Arches

作　　者：郑晓平[1] 魏国锋[1] 惠学军 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史系,安徽合肥230039 [2]辽宁省博物馆,辽宁沈阳110167

出　　处：《黄山学院学报》2016年第5期18-24,共7页Journal of Huangshan University

基　　金：国家文化科技提升计划项目(文科技函[2013]718号)

摘　　要：徽州牌坊是全国重要的文物保护单位,现有大量保留,但其表面的有害污染物时刻危害着牌坊的"健康"。为了更好地对徽州牌坊进行修复和保护,牌坊表面污染物的清洗是首要工作。实验主要针对牌坊表面的石灰、铁锈、油漆、粉笔4种病害进行化学清洗研究。针对每种病害配制出对应的清洗剂,并通过肉眼观察和利用色差计测量清洗后各区域的色差值对清洗效果进行评估,选出清洗每种病害的最佳清洗剂,同时,选出每种清洗试剂的最佳操作条件。此研究为不可移动石质文物的清洗提供重要参考。Huizhou Memorial arches are important national cultural relics. There remain a large number of arches; however, the harmful pollutants on the surface are endangering their ＂health＂. In order to better restore and protect Huizhou memorial arches, it is a priority to clean the pollutants on the surface. This experiment aims to study the chemical cleaning technology of 4 kinds of harmful pollutants on the surface of Huizhou memorial arches including lime, rust, oil paint and chalk. Each type of pollutants is washed using different corresponding chemical cleaning ingredients, and the cleaning results are evaluated by naked eyes and colorimeter. According to the cleaning results, several kinds of cleaning ingredients are selected as the most suitable cleaning agents for these pollutants. Meanwhile, the operating conditions of the selected cleaning agents are optimized in this experiment. This research can lay a foundation for the cleaning of immovable stone cultural relics.

关 键 词：徽州牌坊 污染物 清洗剂 化学清洗 

分 类 号：K877.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]