不结球白菜抽薹开花性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析  

Inheritance of Major Gene Plus Polygene Underlying Bolting and Flowering Traits in Pak-choi

作　　者：李晓锋[1] 朱红芳[1] 朱玉英[1] 侯瑞贤[1] 翟文[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所/上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第12期2318-2325,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市农口系统青年人才成长计划(2121523);上海市绿叶蔬菜产业技术体系项目;国家高新技术发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA103006)

摘　　要：为了研究不结球白菜抽薹开花性状的遗传规律,并对其耐抽薹品种进行鉴定筛选,以不结球白菜易抽薹纯系M10-1和耐抽薹纯系M10-2杂交获得的6世代(P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F2)群体为材料,利用植物数量性状主基因+多基因多世代联合分析的方法对不结球白菜抽薹性状(现蕾期)和开花性状(开花期)进行遗传分析。结果表明,控制抽薹性状的为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因,并存在明显的加性、显性和上位性效应。其中,2对主基因的加性效应值均为正,显性效应值hb大于ha,且以第2对主基因的正向显性效应为主;抽薹性状存在较大的主基因加性×加性和显性×显性互作效应,以呈负向的多基因的加性效应为主。B1、B2和F2的主基因遗传率分别为83.83%、87.82%和88.31%,多基因遗传率均为0,主基因+多基因遗传率平均为86.65%,环境变异占表型变异平均为13.35%,说明抽薹性状主要受主基因控制,在育种上可以应用抽薹性状(现蕾期)作为不结球白菜耐抽薹性的鉴定标准,并可在早期世代对其耐抽薹性进行选择,且要注意一定的环境因素。开花性状与抽薹性状遗传相似,均受到2对主基因控制,但主基因+多基因遗传率平均为9.57%,而环境变异平均为90.43%,对开花的影响显著,说明开花性状与环境的互作效应非常明显,不适宜作为耐抽薹性的鉴定指标。利用本研究获得的抽薹性状作为不结球白菜耐抽薹性的鉴定指标,并应用于育种实践,对选育不结球白菜耐抽薹新品种,提高产量具有重要意义。Genetic analysis of bolting and flowering traits in pak-choi could contribute to the identification for boltingresistant cultivars of pak-choi. The mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to analyze the inheritance of bolting and flowering traits in pak-choi with six generations of early bolting variety M10-1（ P1）,bolting variety M10-2（ P2） and their F1,B1,B2 and F2 generations. The results showed that bolting trait was mainly controlled by two major genes expressing in the mode of additive-dominant-epistatic effects,and the additive effects of the two major genes were similar. In addition,the second major gene was the main in the dominant effect. There were additive × additive interaction effect and dominant × dominant interaction effect of major gene,in which negative additive effects of polygene was the major effect. Heritabilities of major genes in B1,B2,and F2 generations were 83. 83%,87. 82% and88. 31%,respectively,while those of polygene in B1,B2,and F2 generations were all 0,the average heritability of major genes and polygene was 86. 65%. The rate of environmental variation was 13. 35% in the total phenotypic variance. The bolting trait in pak-choi was dominated by major genes,and that environmental factors played a key role in inheritance. Thus,the selection of bolting trait in pak-choi was effective in early generations. The flowering trait was similar to the bolting trait inheritance. Heritability of major genes was 9. 57% on average, and the average environmental variance was 90. 43%. These findings revealed that the flowering trait in Pak-choi was greatly affected by environmental factors and that the flowering trait should not be considered as an identification indicator of bolting resistance in Pak-choi.

关 键 词：不结球白菜 抽薹性状 开花性状 主基因+多基因 遗传模型分析 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]