2000—2014年新疆某铁路局职工职业伤害回顾性调查分析  

Retrospective investigation and analysis on occupational injury of workers in a railway bureau of Xinjiang from 2000-2014

作　　者：王力民[1] 李雪[1] 尹建刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐铁路局疾病预防控制所职业卫生科,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]乌鲁木齐铁路局安全监察室劳动安全科,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第18期2493-2496,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过调查新疆某铁路局2000—2014年职业伤害事故流行病学特征,找出伤害发生的规律与特点,以制定针对性的干预措施。方法整合新疆某铁路局2000年1月1日—2014年12月31日期间职业伤害事故登记资料,采用SPSS 17.0对发生伤害事故职工的年龄、性别、单位、时间及伤害事故类型、原因分布进行统计描述,并对职业伤害造成的劳动力损失总和与经济损失总量进行统计分析。结果新疆某铁路局15年间职业伤害平均发生率为0.37‰,死亡率为0.028‰。不同季节间以夏季(28.28%)最高,冬季(21.28%)最低;周日间分布以星期三(17.20%)最多,星期日(9.91%)最低。在职业伤害发生的各类原因中,因违章作业造成伤害者最多,占伤害总人数的65.89%。职业伤害所造成的工天损失合计170 888 d,年平均损失工天11 392.53 d。结论为减少职业伤害的发生率和死亡率,维护职工自身的安全健康和企业的良性发展,建议综合采取工程干预、管理干预、个人干预的职业伤害干预措施。[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of occupational injury accidents in a railway bureau of Xinjiang from 2000-2014,find out the rules and characteristics of injury,and establish the targeted intervention measures.[Methods]The data of occupational injury accidents in a railway bureau of Xinjiang from January 1,2000 to December 31,2014 were collected. SPSS17.0 was used to statistically describe the age,gender,respective units,time of injured workers,as well as the type and reasons of the accidents,and analyze the loss of labor and the total economic loss caused by occupational injury.[Results]In the last 15 years,the average incidence rate and death rate of the occupational injury was 0.37‰ and 0.028‰ respectively in the railway bureau. In different seasons,the incidence rate in summer was the highest（28.28%） and winter was the lowest（21.28%）. In a week,the incidence rate in Wednesday was the highest（17.20%） and Sunday was the lowest（9.91%）. In the different reasons of the occupational injury,the cases caused by illegal operation accounted for the largest proportion（65.89%） of the total cases. Working days lost caused by the occupational injury was totally 170 888 days,and the average annual loss was 11 392.53 days. [Conclusion]In order to reduce the incidence rate and death rate of the occupational injury,safeguard the safety and health of the workers,and maintain the healthy development of enterprise,it is necessary to take the comprehensive intervention measures of engineering intervention,management intervention and individual intervention.

关 键 词：职业伤害 调查分析 干预措施 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]