山溪坝后式取水及明渠弯道除沙方式研究  

Study on water intake from mountainous river at dam back and sediment removal in open bend channel

作　　者：王琮元 张清 章环境 郑世伟 

机构地区：[1]葛洲坝集团有限公司杨房沟施工供水项目部,湖北宜昌443002 [2]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,四川成都610051

出　　处：《人民长江》2016年第20期40-42,共3页Yangtze River

摘　　要：随着我国水利水电工程建设的发展,水电站分布越来越集中于偏远山区,供水系统往往需自行建设。为了解决工程建设施工及生活用水问题,通常是将工程附近水源水质较好的山溪作为取水点,并经简单沉沙处理后投入使用。传统的坝前式山溪取水及大型沉沙池除沙普遍面临着汛期取水头部易被泥石流淤积、山溪内施工部位狭窄等问题,根据弯道环流原理,结合杨房沟水电站供水系统取水头部设计及运行使用经验,研究验证了坝后式取水代替传统的坝前式取水,以及明渠除沙代替大型沉沙池除沙方式的实际效果。实践表明,新的取水方式可以满足抗淤能力强、施工占地少,同时除沙能力理想的要求,可为今后类似情况下山溪取水及除沙方式的选择提供参考。With the development of hydropower project construction, a growing number of hydropower stations are located in remote mountain areas, so it is often necessary to construct a water supply system for these stations. The quality of the water directly taken from river often fails to meet related standards, which leads to the need of complex water processing. To address the demand of project construction and living, mountainous rivers with relatively good water quality near the construction site are often selected as water intake source and the water taken from these rivers can be used after simple sediment removal procedures. How- ever, traditional water intake from mountainous river in front of the dam and large - scale sediment removal pool face the challenges of debris flow siltation at intake head in flood season and narrow construction area. Based on the characteristics of river bend flow and design and operation experiences of intake head of the water supply system for Yangfanggou Hydropower Station, the effectiveness of replacement of upstream intake by downstream intake and large - scale sediment removal pool by open channel were studied and verified. The results show that the alternative methods can meet the requirements of strong anti - siltation, small construction area and ideal sediment removal ability, which can provide reference for similar water intake from mountainous rivers and sediment removal.

关 键 词：山溪取水 坝后式取水 弯道环流 明渠除沙 

分 类 号：TV671[水利工程—水利水电工程]