可利用水资源量正逆向联合计算方法  

A combined forward and reverse method for available water resources calculation

作　　者：周琦[1,2] 池飞 逄勇[1,4] 周志勇 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [2]铜陵学院建筑工程学院,安徽铜陵244061 [3]宁波市城区河管理处,浙江宁波315041 [4]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [5]铜陵市水务局,安徽铜陵244000

出　　处：《水资源保护》2016年第5期42-46,52,共6页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07405002);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(KJ2016A868);安徽省高校优秀青年骨干人才国内外访学研修重点项目(gxfx ZD2016244)

摘　　要：基于可持续利用考虑,提出以区域水环境容量可承受用水量作为可利用水资源量的逆向计算方法,并与传统的以区域水资源总量为基础的正向计算方法联合。对该计算方法的影响因素:洪水弃水量、河道需水量、水质达标率及水环境容量和单位耗水排污量分别进行了分析。应用该方法分别计算了闽江上游富屯溪流域、沙溪流域和闽江干流下游流域的可利用水资源量。结果表明,下游流域可利用水资源量宜取正向计算方法结果,上游流域2种计算方法结果相差不大,但会出现逆向计算方法结果小于正向计算方法结果的情况。相比于传统的正向计算方法,采用正逆向结合计算方法即考虑了工程调蓄、河道需水及水质状况等因素,也保证了流域水资源的可持续利用。For sustainable utilization of water resources,a reverse calculation method has been put forward,which considers water consumption of the water environmental capacity as the available water resources（ AWR）. This method is combined with the traditional forward calculation method,which is based on the amount of regional water resources. The factors that affect the AWR calculation,including the abandoned flood quantity,water demand in rivers,water qualification rate,water environmental capacity,and unit water consumption of pollutant discharge,are analyzed. The method was used to calculate the AWR in the Futunxi and Shaxi basins in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River and in the basins of the lower reaches of the main stream of the Minjiang River. The results show that the forward calculation method of the AWR should be adopted in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River.Similar amounts of AWR can be calculated by the reverse and forward calculation methods in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River,but the result of the reverse calculation method is smaller than that of the forward calculation method. Compared with the traditional forward calculation method,the combined forward and reverse method can take into account factors such as water diversion and storage in projects,water demand in rivers,and water quality,and assure sustainable utilization of water resources.

关 键 词：可利用水资源量 可持续利用 逆向计算 正逆向联合 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]