醋酸乙烯聚合反应系统热失控与安全泄放  

Thermal Runaway and Safety Relief of Vinyl Acetate Polymerization Reactors

作　　者：姜杰[1] 张晨[1] 柴晓伟[1] 石宁[1] 曹永友[1] JIANG Jie ZHANG Chen CHAI Xiao-wei SHINing CAO Yong-you(State Key Laboratory of Chemicals Safety and Control, Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute, China Petroleum ＆ Chemical Corporation, Qingdao 266071, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院,化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2016年第5期1119-1126,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

摘　　要：醋酸乙烯聚合过程操作不当会发生热失控,导致暴聚,安全泄放能力是防止聚合反应釜发生超压事故的关键。为此,利用VSP2绝热量热仪,针对冷却失效、引发剂量大、甲醇溶剂进料量低等主要危险情景开展醋酸乙烯聚合失控实验研究,计算反应釜安全泄放面积。通过对比不同温升速率、压升速率、反应温度下的TMRad等失控反应特征数据发现,引发剂量过大的工况为最危险情景;在65℃时,反应压力曲线基本闭合,确定反应体系为温和型蒸气系统。采用Leung法和平衡速率模型进行了安全泄放量、泄放能力计算,并利用校正系数Kc、流量系数Kd进行安全泄放面积校正,获得了反应釜的最小安全泄放面积。Thermal runaway may happen in vinyl acetate polymerization reactors under conditions ofexcessive initiator and cooling failure, which leads to violent polymerization. Experiments were designed tostudy thermal runaway and safety relief in typical hazardous scenarios using a bench-scale adiabatic calorimeterVSP2. The results show that excessive initiator is determined as the main factor when comparing peaktemperature rising rate, peak pressure rising rate and TMRad under process temperatures. The polymerizationreactor is classified as a mild steam system with closed pressure curves. Safe relief rate, flow capacity and theminimum vent area are calculated based on the Leung＇s method and ERM model. The calculation results arecorrected by correction factor Kc and flow coefficient Kd following real process conditions and the safety ventarea is acquired.

关 键 词：醋酸乙烯 聚合 热失控 安全泄放 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]