地下水侵入采空区的覆岩活动物理模拟试验  

Experimental research on physical simulation of goaf 's overlying strata movement after intrusion of groundwater

作　　者：海龙[1,2] 隋淑梅[1] 高会春[2,3] 白国良 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]冀中能源集团有限责任公司,河北邢台054000 [3]国家能源充填采煤技术重点试验室,河北邢台054000 [4]天地(唐山)矿业科技有限公司

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2016年第9期85-89,共5页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为探究地下水侵入采空区后的覆岩移动及覆岩残余变形对地表的影响规律,以金家庄煤矿为例,利用相似材料物理模拟试验方法,对煤层开挖至地表稳沉、稳沉后地下水侵入采空区的覆岩移动过程进行长期观测分析。结果表明:地下水侵入对残留煤柱的浸泡、溶蚀作用破坏覆岩原有的应力平衡状态,采空区出现岩体孔隙、裂隙和空洞的再压密,并伴随岩块的转动和蠕变等"活化"现象,地表再次下沉;由下而上,从垮落带、裂隙带到弯沉带的岩层活动强度逐渐减弱;采空区中央的地表下沉比其他区域的地表下沉明显,地表下沉呈对称分布,下沉范围随时间的延长而逐渐扩大。In order to research the change rules of strata movement and the impact of the residual deformation on the surface after groundwater intrudes the goaf, Jinjiazhuang coal mine was taken as an object of study and physical simulation experiments were carried out using the similar materials. The long-term overlying strata movement process was observed after groundwater invades the goaf from coal seam excavating to stable subsidence, after stable subsidence. The results show that the original stress equilibrium state of the overlying strata is broken by groundwater intrusion causing the immersion and dissolution of residual coal pillar, that the recompaction of the sand reservoir porosities, fractures and cavities and the activation phenomenon of rock blocks？ rotation and creep make the surface subside again among other, that from bottom up to top, the activity intensity of caving zone, fractured zone and bent zone rocks is gradually weakened, that in the center of minedout area, the surface subsidence value is more obviously larger than that in other locations, basically symmetric distribution, and influence scope is gradually expanding increases with time.

关 键 词：物理模拟 地下水 采空区 覆岩移动 地表变形 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]