时效要求下的甩挂牵引车调度问题与求解  

Trailer pick-up tractor routing problem with timeliness requirement and solving

作　　者：李红启[1] 赵文聪[1] 李嫣然 LI Hong-qi ZHAO Wen-cong LI Yan-ran(School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China Beijing Huayun Traffic Consulting and Development Corporation, Beijing 100038, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京华运交通咨询开发公司,北京100038

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2016年第5期95-102,共8页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71202016)

摘　　要：针对时效要求下的甩挂牵引车调度问题,以整车运输和多对多运输需求为基本特征,以货运吨公里CO_2排放量为目标函数,构建了混合整数规划模型,设计了基于节约算法和邻域搜索算法的两阶段启发式算法,进行了带有时间窗的既有算例的求解。计算结果表明:启发式算法所得满意解对基准算例1~12初始解的优化率分别为4.21%、2.06%、2.70%、3.87%、2.03%、3.54%、2.23%、3.35%、1.54%、2.11%、1.58%、0.81%,平均水平为2.50%;最优解分别为101.22、107.05、106.21、103.94、116.23、103.16、102.61、102.14、101.05、103.38、103.69、100.54g·(t·km)-1,平均值为104.27g·(t·km)^(-1),因此,本文所构建的混合整数规划模型与启发式算法是可行和有效的,时效要求下的甩挂牵引车调度优化可产生良好的节能减排效果。Aiming at trailer pick-up tractor routing problem with timeliness requirement, fulltruck load transportation and many to many transportation demand were taken as basic characteristics, CO2 emissions per ton-kilometer of freight transportation was taken as objective function, and a mixed integer programming model was built. A two-stage heuristic algorithm was designed based on saving algorithm and local search algorithm, and some known instances with time windows were solved. Calculation result shows that compared to the initial solutions of benchmark instances 1-12, the optimization rates of satisfactory solutions are 4.21%, 2.06%, 2.70%, 3.87%, 2.03%, 3.54%, 2.23%, 3.35%, 1.54%, 2.11%, 1.58%, and 0.81% respectively, and the average level is 2.50%, the optimum solutions are 101.22, 107.05, 106.21, 103.94, 116.23, 103.16, 102.61, 102.14, 101.05, 103.38, 103.69, and 100.54 g· （t·km）^-1 respectively, and the average value is 104.27 g·（t·km）^-1. Obviously, the mixed integer programming model and the heuristic algorithm are feasible and effective, and the optimization of trailer pick-up tractor routing with prescription requirement can produce good energy saving and emission reduction effect. 2 tabs, 4 figs, 28 refs.

关 键 词：公路运输 甩挂牵引车调度 节约算法 甩挂运输 时间窗 

分 类 号：U492.22[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]