基于基因组学的香蕉种质资源遗传多样性与进化研究进展  

Research Progress of Genetic Diversity and Evolution of Bananas Based on Genomics

作　　者：冯慧敏[1,2] 陈友 武耀廷[2] 

机构地区：[1]三亚市热带植物分子育种重点实验室海南热带海洋学院,海南三亚572022 [2]海南大学,海口570228

出　　处：《海南热带海洋学院学报》2016年第5期87-91,共5页Journal of Hainan Tropical Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31440075);海南省自然科学基金(314083)

摘　　要：香蕉为芭蕉科芭蕉属大型单子叶草本果树,是发展中国家第四大重要作物.大多数栽培香蕉源自A和B两个基因组,除此以外S和T基因组也参与了现有香蕉栽培品种的基因组成.但是香蕉的野生基因型与栽培品种之间的关系一直让育种人员和科学家困惑不解,对香蕉种质资源遗传多样性与进化的研究是比较活跃和发展很快的领域.文章从细胞器基因组学和核基因组学综述了香蕉种质资源遗传多样性与进化的研究进展,大量科学研究表明,M.acuminata和M.balbisiana的细胞器基因组差别很大,但是对香蕉基因型的鉴定应结合它们的叶绿体、线粒体和核基因型来进行.展望了香蕉种质资源遗传多样性与进化研究的方向.Banana, the fourth most important crop in the developing countries, is a large monocotyledonous herbaceous fruit which belongs to Musa, Musacae. The majority of the cultivated bananas are derived from the A and B genomes, whereas the additional genomes such as S and T also contribute to the genomes of currently culti- vated bananas. However, the relationship between wild genotype and banana cuhivars has puzzled breeders and scientists. Consequently the research field of genetic diversity and evolution of banana germplasm resources is very active and growing fast. Reviewed are the genetic diversity and evolution progress of banana germplasm resources, based on organelles genomics and nuclear genomics researches. A large number of scientific researches show that M. acuminata and M. balbisiana vary greatly from the organelle genomes, but the identification of banana genotypes should be combined with their chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear genes. The future research direction of genetic diversity and evolution of banana germplasm resources is looked to.

关 键 词：香蕉 细胞器基因组 核基因组 育种 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]