新疆昌吉地区哈萨克族儿童缺铁性贫血患病率及原因的分析  

Analysis of the prevalence and causes of iron deficiency anemia of Kazak children in Changji area of Xinjiang

作　　者：高莉莉[1] 刘文梅[1] 涂维娜 Gao Lili Liu Wenmei Tu Weina(Department of Pediatrics, Changji People＇s Hospital, Changji, Xinjiang 831100, China)

机构地区：[1]昌吉州人民医院儿科,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《泸州医学院学报》2016年第5期476-478,共3页Journal of Luzhou Medical College

摘　　要：目的：分析新疆昌吉地区哈萨克族儿童缺铁性贫血的患病率及其影响因素,为基层医疗机构有效防治哈萨克族儿童缺铁性贫血提供参考依据。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月至2016年1月126例6月～6岁哈萨克族缺铁性贫血的临床资料,并进行问卷调查、体格检查和血红蛋白、平均红细胞容积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白量（MCH）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、红细胞压积（Hct）及血清铁的检测。结果 ：6月～6岁哈萨克族儿童在昌吉各族儿童中发生缺铁性贫血的比例占64%,其中轻度缺铁性贫血占61.3%,中度、重度缺铁性贫血分别为25.9%、12.8%;农村患病例数高于城区;患病年龄主要集中在6月～2岁的儿童,2岁～6岁的患病比例相对较低。缺铁性贫血的原因有孕母妊娠合并贫血、早产、低出生体重、辅食添加不合理、牛奶为主、反复呼吸道感染、消化道感染等因素。结论：6月～6岁哈萨克族儿童贫血患病比例高,缺铁性贫血的发病是多因素的。Objective： To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of Kazak children with iron deficiency anemia in Changji area of Xinjiang, so as to provide reference for effective prevention and treatment for primary health care institutions in the area. Methods： Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 126 cases, ranging from 6 month to 6 years old, with iron deficiency anemia diagnosed from January 2010 to January 2016. All cases were given a questionnaire survey, a physical examination, and measurements of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume （MCV）, mean corpuscular hemoglobin （MCH）, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration （MCHC）, hematocrit （Hct） detection, and serum iron. Results： The incidence rate of iron deficiency anemia in Kazak children aging from 6 month to 6 years old accounts for 64% in children of all ethnic groups in Changji, which include 61.3% mild, 25.9% moderate and 12.8% iron deficiency anemia. There are more cases in rural than urban areas and more cases in the age of 6 month to 6 years old than the age of 2 - 6 year old. Causes of iron deficiency anemia are maternal anemia in pregnancy, premature birth, low birth weight, milk feeding, unreasonable food supplement, recurrent respiratory tract infection, digestive tract infection, and etc. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of iron deficiency anemia I Kazak children from 6 month to 6 years old is high, and predisposing factors for the disease are multiple.

关 键 词：缺铁性贫血 患病率 危险因素 哈萨克族儿童 

分 类 号：R556.3[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]