沥青质稠油与钻井液重力置换规律与控制技术  

Pattern and control of gravity displacement between asphaltic heavy oil and drilling fluid

作　　者：赵向阳[1,2] 孟英峰[1] 侯绪田[2] 杨顺辉[2] 鲍洪志[2] 李皋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室 [2]中国石化石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油钻采工艺》2016年第5期622-627,共6页Oil Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中石化科技部项目"伊朗雅达油田活跃沥青侵害防控钻井技术研究";十三五国家科技重大专项"海上油气田关键工程技术"(编号:2016ZX05033-004)

摘　　要：Y油田K地层沥青质稠油普遍发育,钻井过程中常出现涌漏同存、压井密度越高溢流量越大的现象。常规刚性井筒理论无法解释此现象。为了验证沥青质稠油和钻井液之间重力置换是否存在和探索影响重力置换的影响因素,最终形成有效的控制方法和技术,采用室内实验、数值模拟和理论研究相结合的方法,开展了沥青质稠油与钻井液重力置换实验和理论研究。研究结果表明:钻井液密度、裂缝宽度和沥青质稠油黏度是影响沥青质稠油置换的主要因素,同置换量分别呈线性、对数和指数关系。同时开展了沥青固化技术、控压钻井技术和随钻丢手封隔技术研究,最终形成了超厚沥青层分程度综合控制技术。现场应用表明,沥青固化技术和控压技术是解决沥青层安全钻井的一条有效途径。Asphaltic heavy oil developed extensively in Formation K of Y Oilfield. Drilling operation in the formation frequently encounters co-existence of kick and lost circulation. Generally, a higher volume of lost circulation may be caused by the killing fluid with higher density. Conventional rigid borehole theories fail to explain such conditions. To verify existence of gravity displacement between asphaltic heavy oil and drilling fluid and identify factors that may affect such gravity displacement, tests and theoretical researches were conducted through combination of lab tests, numerical simulation and theoretical studies. Eventually, effective control methods and techniques over gravity displacement between asphaltic heavy oil and drilling fluid can be developed. Research results show that drilling fluid density, fracture width and viscosity of asphaltic heavy oil are major influencing factors over displacement of asphaltic heavy oil. These factors display linear, logarithmic and exponential relationship with the volume of displacement, respectively. In addition, researches have been conducted for asphalt solidification, pressure-controlled drilling and while-drilling detachable packing techniques, and comprehensive control over super-thick asphalt layer in accordance with specific conditions has been developed. Field application results show asphalt solidification and pressure-controlled drilling are effective ways to ensure safety of drilling operation in asphalt formations.

关 键 词：沥青质稠油 钻井液 重力置换 沥青固化 控压钻井 伊朗Y油田 现场应用 

分 类 号：TE24[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]