人工辅助授粉探寻濒危红树植物红榄李种质资源挽救途径  

The germplasm resource rescue of endangered mangrove(Lumnitzera littorea(Jack.) Voigt) by artificial pollination

作　　者：张晓楠[1] 钟才荣[2] 严廷良[3] 张颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学生命科学学院,海口571158 [2]海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局,海口571129 [3]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口571158

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第5期38-42,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360173);有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室2015开放课题(SKLBC15KF06)

摘　　要：为了探索濒危红树植物红榄李(Lumnitzera littorea(Jack.)Voigt)种质资源挽救途径,以三亚铁炉港红榄李为授粉材料,采集三亚铁炉港和陵水新村港红榄李花粉进行人工辅助异花授粉试验,结合野外观察和种子萌发实验进行验证。结果表明:三亚铁炉港红榄李的花期较长,从花芽开始膨大到落花期末,最短60天,最长可持续140天,且开花不整齐;用培养基法对三亚铁炉港和陵水新村港红榄李的花粉生活力进行检测,均不超过10%;人工辅助异花授粉后种子的萌发率有显著提高(自然授粉种子萌发率为0.2‰),但最高也只能达到5.6‰。实验室萌发种子能够长成幼苗,且野外林下发现一株红榄李幼苗,这说明通过人工辅助异花授粉对提高红榄李种子繁育能力有一定的积极作用。The artificial pollination technique was used for the germplasm resource rescue of Lumnitzera littorea （Jack.） Voigt population in Sanya Tielu Bay. The heterogenitic pollens came from the two separate populations in SanYa TieLu Bay and Lingshui Xinchun Bay. From the results of the field observation and the seed germination experiment, the physiological and ecological phenomena ofL. littorea can be found as follows. The florescence was long and unstable of L. littorea in Sanya Tielu Bay. The flowering time from 60 to 140 days began from the expanding of the flower bud to the end of the fading date. The pollen germination rates of the two populations were both lower than 10% tested by the solid medium method. Under the situation of natural pollination, the seed germination rate was 0.2‰, however, it was improved obviously （5.6‰） by the artificial pollination. Furthermore, the germinated seeds in laboratory could grow into the seedlings. After two years, work of artificial pollination, one seedling could be found in the natural environment. So it can be a positive effect for the seed germination ofL. littorea by the methods of artificial heterogenetic pollination.

关 键 词：红榄李 濒危红树 人工辅助授粉 种质资源挽救 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]