中山市土地利用变化及其生态风险响应  

Ecological risk assessment and land use change in Zhongshan City

作　　者：林媚珍[1] 葛志鹏 纪少婷 谢国文[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学学院,广州510006 [2]中山市置信测绘工程有限公司,中山528403

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第5期96-104,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40771002;31270259);广州市教育局科技项目(2012A007)

摘　　要：以中山市1990年、2000年和2013年的TM遥感影像为基础数据源,借助相关辅助资料,利用RS、GIS等技术方法,对中山市近23年的土地利用变化进行时空分析,并以1 km×1 km的单元网格进行系统空间采样,构建了中山市的生态风险指数,借助空间自相关和半方差分析方法,探讨中山市的生态风险空间分布和变化特征,以及生态风险指数与城市化水平间的关系。具体结果如下:1990—2013年间,中山市的土地利用类型在结构、数量和变化率上发生巨大的变化,总体表现为生态用地持续减少而建设用地持续增加;1990—2013年间,中山市的土地利用生态风险指数在空间分布上存在着高度的正相关性,呈现显著的空间集聚模式,并随着时间推移表现出增加趋势;随着城市化水平提升,中山市生态风险增加的态势越明显,城市化对生态风险表现正效应。Land use changes were analyzed by RS and GIS during recent 23 years in Zhongshan City. The basic data came from TM remote-sensing images of 1990, 2000 and 2013. An ecological risk index was also proposed by formulate sampling in 1 km×1 km grid cells across the area. At last, it discussed the spatial pattern of ecological risk, variation features and the relationship between ecological risk index and urbanization level by spatial autocorrelation, semivariance analysis and the geostatistics module in the ArcGIS. There appeared great difference of structure, quantity and variability of land-use types in Zhongshan from 1990 to 2013. It showed that the ecological lands reduced continuously, and construction land continued to increase. It was dramatically spatial agglomeration of the land use ecological risk index, and the distribution was highly correlated in 1990-2003. The tendency developed across the period. It suggested that urbanization accelerated ecological risk which developed obviously in Zhongshan City.

关 键 词：生态风险评价 土地利用变化 空间自相关 半变异函数 中山市 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]