澜沧县景观格局变化及其生态系统服务价值评价  

Change of landscape pattern and it's evaluation of ecosystem services values in Lancang County

作　　者：顾泽贤 赵筱青[1] 高翔宇[1] 谢鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第5期143-153,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361020);国家自然科学基金项目(40961031)

摘　　要：近10年来由于澜沧县退耕还林工程的实施以及人工园林的大规模引种,使整体的景观格局发生改变,相应的生态系统服务价值也发生了改变。以澜沧县为研究区,基于2000年、2005年、2010年三期TM影像的解译结果,对研究区2000年—2010年景观格局指数变化进行分析,研究景观格局演变规律。并运用生态系统服务价值估算方法,分析景观格局演变对研究区生态系统服务价值影响。结果表明:(1)澜沧县十年间有林地、人工园林、水域和乡镇用地面积增加,水田、旱地、灌木林、荒草地面积减少;同类型斑块集中程度上升,破碎化程度减少,景观分布朝着不均匀的方向发展,景观异质性逐渐降低;(2)澜沧县生态系统服务价值量呈增长趋势,生态系统服务主要为调节服务,原材料生产、气体调节、气候调节、水文调节和提供美学景观等生态系统服务改善较大;从空间变化来看,中部、北部和南部区域生态系统服务价值明显增加,仅东部区域有所减少;(3)生态系统服务价值与斑块密度、形状指数、分离度、香浓多样性指数、香浓均匀度指数呈负相关,与最大形状指数、蔓延度、聚集度均呈现正相关。研究说明自然景观被干扰并不意味着生态服务功能的退化,生态价值估算不仅要分析时间变化,还要考虑空间的变化。同时,政策导向和经济发展是研究区生态环境改善的主要驱动力。Due to the implementation of the project of transforming farmland to forest and the introduction of large-scale plantations into Lancang County in the recent ten years, the landscape pattern has changed, resulting in a changed ecosystem accordingly. Taking Lancang County as the study area, this research analyzed the changes of the landscape pattern index from 2000 to 2010 and the evolution law of landscape pattern, based on the TM remote-sensing images interpretation obtained in 2000, 2005 and 2010. According to the estimation method of ecosystem service value, the effect of landscape pattern evolution on the ecosystem service value was analyzed. The results are as follows. （1） In 2000-2010, woodland, artificial garden, waters and construction land were increased, but paddy field, dry-lands, shrubs and waste grassland were decreased. Concentration of the same type of plaque was increased, fragmentation was reduced, landscape was distributed unevenly in the direction toward the development of landscape, and heterogeneity was decreased. （2） The ecosystem service values of Lancang County showed a rising trend, ecosystem services were mainly for regulating services, and raw materials production, gas regulation, climate regulation, hydrological adjustment ＆ recreation were greatly improved. On the spatial scale, the ecosystem service values in central, northern and southern parts were increased significantly, but those in the eastern part of the region decreased. （3） The ecosystem service value was negatively correlated with patch density, landscape shape index, and landscape division index, Shannon＇s diversity indcx, Shannon＇s evenness index, and positively with largest patch index, contagion and aggregation index. Research showed that the natural landscape was interfered but did not mean that the ecological function was degraded.Evaluation of ecological value was not only required analyzing time change, but also considering the change of space. Meanwhile. policy guidance and economic development we

关 键 词：景观格局变化 生态系统服务价值 澜沧县 相关性分析 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]