哀牢山常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤线虫群落的季节变化特征  

Seasonal variations of soil nematode community at different secondary succession stages of evergreen broad-leaved forests in Ailao Mountain

作　　者：李志鹏[1,2] 韦祖粉 杨效东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南勐腊666303 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]普洱学院,云南普洱665000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第11期3023-3031,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271278)资助

摘　　要：为了解植被演替过程的土壤线虫群落结构与功能变化,本研究于2015年旱季(4月)与雨季(8月)对哀牢山不同演替阶段森林的土壤性质、微生物量和线虫群落进行取样调查。结果表明,随着植被演替进程,线虫群落总密度及类群数,植食性线虫、食真菌线虫和捕食-杂食性线虫的数量表现增加,而食细菌线虫的数量下降。线虫群落的成熟度指数(MI)、营养均匀指数(TD)为演替后期大于前期,瓦斯特乐斯指数(WI)的变化相反。典范冗余分析显示,土壤水分、p H值和无机N是线虫群落的重要影响因素。季节变化对不同演替阶段线虫群落结构的作用(R2)程度表现为常绿阔叶林(14%)、滇山杨林(15%)<旱冬瓜林(22%)<茶地(33%)。随植被演替进程,土壤线虫食物网复杂程度增加,对植物根部资源及真菌资源的依赖程度提高,同时增加了其营养结构、群落结构和群落功能的季节稳定性。In order to understand the effects of vegetation succession on soil nematode community, we investigated soil properties, microorganism amount and nematode communities in dry season （April） and rainy season （August） at different stages of secondary succession in evergreen broadleaved forests of Ailao Mountain. Our results showed that the total abundance and genus number of nematodes and the densities of herbivores, fungivores and predatoromnivores increased, while the density of bacterivores decreased along vegetation succession. The mature index （MI） and trophic diversity （TD） of nematode communities were higher in mature stage forests as compared to early stage forests, but there was an opposite trend for Wasilewska index （WI）. Canonical redundancy analysis showed that soil nematode communities were affected by soil moisture, pH and inorganic N contents at different stages of secondary succession. Magnitude of seasonal effects （R^2） on nematode community structure was in order of evergreen broad-leaved forest （14%）, Populus bonatii forest （15%）, Alnus nepalensis forest （22%）, and tea plantation （33%）. With vegetation succession, soil nematode food web complexity increased, and its dependence on resources of plant roots and fungi was enhanced. Meanwhile, the seasonal stability of trophic structure, community structure and functional index of nematode communities increased along the chronosequence of succession.

关 键 词：土壤线虫 群落结构和功能 季节变化 植被演替 常绿阔叶林 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]