基于修正的Gash模型对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林林冠截留的模拟  

An assessment of the revised Gash interception model in a monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest in lower subtropical China

作　　者：刘效东[1] 龙凤玲[1] 陈修治[2] 褚国伟[2] 张倩媚[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院/广东省森林植物种质资源创新与利用重点实验室,广州510642 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第11期3118-3125,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41430529;31600353;31500357);广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030310450)资助

摘　　要：Gash解析模型及其修正的模型是估算和预测林冠截留的有效工具，探讨其在南亚热带森林植被冠层截留模拟中的适用性，是认识该区域结构相对复杂的自然林分冠层的降雨截留能力及其相关科学问题的重要基础。基于2009年鼎湖山国家级保护区内季风常绿阔叶林样地降雨及其他气象因子的观测数据，采用修正的Gash模型对南亚热带地带性顶极群落季风常绿阔叶林的冠层截留量及其组分进行了模拟量化。结果表明：2009年，季风常绿阔叶林林内穿透雨量、树干径流量和林冠截留量分别为1310.9、85.5和498.9 mm，分别占林外总降雨量的69.2%、4.5%和26.3%。基于修正的Gash模型对林冠降雨截留量的同期模拟值为473.0 mm，模拟截留量比实测值低25.9 mm，相对误差为5.2%。对干季降雨截留模拟的相对误差较小（1.8%），湿季稍大（6.8%）。从林冠截留量的构成来看，降雨停止后的林冠蒸发（231.4 mm）是林冠截留的主要组成部分，占总截留量的48.9%。整体上，国内基于Gash及其修正模型对森林冠层截留的模拟相对误差在0.2%～35.0%。林冠持水能力被视为模型准确估算林冠截留量的先决条件，国内运用不同方法估算的不同林分林冠持水能力大致处于0.23～2.86 mm。修正的Gash模型适用于南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林林冠截留的模拟应用。Gash analytic model and its revised versions are useful tools for the estimation and prediction of forest canopy interception during rainfall. This study aimed to explore the applicability of the revised Gash analytic model in a subtropical forest, which was of importance for further understanding the forest hydrological effects in the subtropical area. The modeling results using the revised Gash analytic model were compared with those of field data collected from a monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in subtropical China. The results of the present study indicated that the throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception in the monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest in 2009 were estimated to 1310.9, 85.5 and 498.9 mm, accounting for 69.2%, 4.5% and 26.3% of the total rainfall, respectively. The model estimated canopy interception in 2009 was 473.0 mm, about 5.2% lower than the value by field measurements. Besides, the model simulation error was lower in dry season （1.8%） than in wet season （6.8%）. With further consideration on the components of the rainfall intercepted, the evaporation after rainfall ceased was found to be the largest component, with a value of 231.4 mm. As a whole, the margin of simulation error reported in the existed literature ranged from 0.2% to 35.0%. Canopy water storage capacity, which is one of the key parameters affecting the accuracy of the modeling, ranged from 0.23 to 2.86 mm. This study demonstrated that the revised Gash analytic model was well suitable for the estimation of canopy rainfall interception in the subtropical monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest.

关 键 词：冠层截留 水文过程 季风常绿阔叶林 南亚热带 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]