三峡库区小流域紫色土玉米推荐施肥指标体系研究  

Study on Recommended Fertilization Index System in Purple Soil in the Small Watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：唐晓东 陈燕霞 张树全 王正银[2] 屈明[2] TANG Xiao-dong CHEN Yan-xia ZHANG Shu-quan WANG Zheng-yin QU Ming(Agricultural Committee of Changshou Dstrict in Chongqing, Chongqing 401220, China College of Resources and Environmental Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市长寿区农业委员会,重庆401220 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2016年第4期42-47,共6页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：农业部测土配方施肥项目资助(农农发[2007]4号)

摘　　要：以玉米为例,应用3414试验建立三峡库区小流域紫色土玉米氮、磷、钾施肥技术指标体系。通过肥料效应分析,氮、磷、钾肥的增产率为25.3%,农学效率为23.2%,化肥贡献率为98.6%,土壤贡献率为58.9%。以缺素区相对产量50%、70%、80%、90%和95%将碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾划分为较低、低、中、较高和高5个等级,采用一元二次和线性加平台模型对不同土壤养分分级范围内施肥量与产量关系进行模拟,计算最佳肥料用量。结果表明:当土壤碱解氮(AN)处于<60、60-90、90-120和>120 mg/kg时,氮肥(N)推荐用量为210-230、185-210、170-185和0-170 kg/hm2;当有效磷(AP)处于<30、30-50、50-70、70-90和>90 mg/kg时,磷肥(P2O5)推荐用量为110-130、90-110、80-90、75-80和0-75 mg/hm2;当速效钾(AN)处于<70、60-95、95-130和>130 mg/kg时,钾肥(K2O)推荐用量为105-125、90-125、80-90和0-90 mg/hm2,初步建立了三峡库区小流域紫色土玉米推荐施肥指标体系。This study aimed to establishing maize fertilization index systems of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on purple soil of Three Gorges Reservoir area by applying 3414 test results. Fertilizer effect analysis showed that,production increased for 25.3% by applying nitrogen,phosphorus and potash. Agronomic efficiency was 23.2%,fertilizer contribution rate was 98.6%,and soil contribution rate was 58.9%. Alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the purple maize soil of deficiency area were divided into five degrees： very low,low,medium,high and very high,according to relative yield of 50%,70%,80%,90% and 95% respectively. Quadratic and Linear plus platform model were used to simulator the relationship between the application amount and yield within soil nutrient classification,and to calculate the optimum quantity of fertilizer. The results showed the recommend application amount of nitrogen was 210-230,185-210,170-185 和 0-170 kg / hm2 at soil alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen（ AN） levels of 60,60-90,90-120 and more than 120 mg / kg; the recommend phosphorus application（ P2O5） were 110-130、90-110、80-90、75-80 and 0-75 mg / hm2 for the soil available phosphorus（ AP） levels of less than 30,30-50,50-70,70- 90 and more than 90 mg / kg; the recommend potassium application（ K2O） were 105-125,90-125,80-90 and 0-90 mg / hm for the soil available potassium levels of less than 70,60-95,95-130 mg / kg and more than 130 mg / kg. The results initiallyestablished the purple soil of maize fertilizer recommendation system of Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

关 键 词：三峡库区 3414 小流域 施肥指标 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]