民法典编纂中代理制度的体系整合  

Integration and Differential Treatment of Agencies in the Codification of Civil Code

作　　者：武亦文[1] 潘重阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院 [2]武汉大学民商事法律科学研究中心,研究人员武汉430072

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2016年第10期60-71,156,共12页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家2011计划司法文明协同创新中心项目;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(项目批准号:14YJC820057);武汉大学70后学术团队"我国现代化进程中的法治问题研究"支持项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：我国分别在《民法通则》和《合同法》中的委托合同部分对代理制度进行了规定。这些规定因吸收和借鉴了两大法系的代理制度而产生了概念上的混淆、关系上的错位和适用上的混乱等"水土不服"现象,需要在未来民法典的编纂中予以克服。我国立法和法学理论中已相对固定的间接代理概念,与大陆法系传统间接代理概念并不一致,但在不影响功能的情况下,由于语言的惯性,仍可经由民法典的澄清而成为立法语言的选择。总则不总、民商事代理不分的局面给法律的适用和民法典编纂均带来了问题。由于未能坚持代理权发生与其原因行为相区分,委托合同关于代理效果的规定实属越界。面向未来民法典的编纂,建立我国语境下的直接代理与间接代理相结合、民商事代理有区分的制度体系是可行的选择。Agency is respectively regulated in 'General Principles of the Civil Law'and 'Contract Law'in China. Referencing both civil law system and common law system, the regulations have difficulties in defining, systemizing and applying, which should be revised in the codification of civil code. The meaning of indirect agency is explicit in legislation and jurisprudential study in China, which is far from its original meaning in civil law system. Due to the inertial of terminology, however, indirect agency can still be adopted by legislation, as long as it has been clarified by the coming civil code. It brings new challenges to the applying of provisions and the codification of civil code, that the general principles can't cover the specific provisions. Also the same treatment of civil and commercial agency enhances those challenges. Failed to distinguish agency from authorization, provisions of entrustment contracts chapter, which regulate the effect of agency, are beyond the scope of specific provisions. Facing the codification of civil code, it is a proper way to establish a system, in which direct agency and indirect agency are integrated, while civil and commercial agency is differently treated.

关 键 词：直接代理 间接代理 民事代理 商事代理 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]