新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区冬季狼的家域  

The largest gray wolf( Canis lupus) home ranges in the world may exist in the Mount Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：端肖楠 初雯雯 王渊[2,4] 杜聪聪[1,2] 何雷 初红军[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆卡拉麦里山自然保护区阿勒泰管理站,阿勒泰836500 [3]北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京100083 [4]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《兽类学报》2016年第4期452-458,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑计划项目(201233131);新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区阿勒泰管理站中央财政森林生态效益补偿基金;科技部科技基础性工作专项重大项目(2013FY110300)

摘　　要：狼（Canis lupus）是食肉目（Carnivora）、犬科（Canidae）、犬属（Canis）食肉类哺乳动物（盛和林等,1999）,是世界上分布最广和研究最多的大型食肉动物（Ripple et al.,2014）。目前,我国狼的分布已由过去的全国性分布缩小至东北、西北和内蒙等地区（Zhang,1999）。在斯洛伐克,研究人员通过无线电项圈获取分布在两个国家公园内两群狼的家域利用情况（Findo and Chovancova,2004）,Understanding wildlife movement and space use is essential for designing effective conservation management strategies. Many top predators, such as wolves （Canis lupus）, are elusive and difficult to study. We captured and placed GPS collars on free-ranging male and female grey wolves Canis lupus in the Mount Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve in January and November 2014. We recorded 513 active locations for the adult male and 870 locations for the adult female. Minimum Convex Polygon （MCP） estimated home range sizes of 1 947 km%2 and 3 728 km^2 for the male and female wolf, respectively. On a global scale these preliminary results suggest that wolves persisting in Mount Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve may have the largest home range sizes of any wolf population in the world. Locally, it may demonstrate the need for large-scale management of this key protected landscape as both male and female wolves require vast areas to survive. Further research is urgently required to expand the sample size of collared wolves to increase confidence in home range esti-mates and to examine any ecological or human-induced effects on habitat selection for this important population of wolves.

关 键 词：狼 活捕 家域 GPS项圈 卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]