失配条件下集中式并网光伏发电系统性能研究  

PERFORMANCE OF CENTRALIZED GRID-CONNECTED PV POWER SYSTEM UNDER MISMATCH CONDITION

作　　者：张莹[1] 李明[1,2] 张子扬[1] 阮永宝 高瑾[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学太阳能研究所,昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学物理与电子信息学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2016年第10期2512-2518,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家国际科技合作项目(2011DFA60460);西南地区可再生能源研究与开发协同创新中心(05300205020516009);云南省可再生能源研究创新团队(2006PY03)

摘　　要：为分析光伏系统在失配条件下的运行性能，首先对阴影遮挡下的集中式光伏阵列模型进行理论推导，其次采用PVsyst仿真软件仿真石林地区500kW光伏系统在当地自然气候条件下倾角、方位角和阴影遮挡对全年发电性能的影响。最后对比分析石林光伏系统的仿真结果与实测结果，并提出优化方案。结合理论模型分析进行的仿真结果显示，无阴影遮挡时，在倾角等于纬度角、方位角等于0°时，光伏系统年发电量最大，为704MWh，性能比高达80．1％。而在相同线性阴影遮挡下，随倾角变化，系统性能比降幅范围为1．0％～24．9％。实测结果表明，无阴影遮挡下，实际系统发电量与平均气象参数下的仿真系统相比下降20％，有阴影遮挡时下降17％；而相同气象数据下，实测结果与仿真结果误差仅为0．01～0．30。集中式并网光伏发电系统（GCPVS）性能在合理安装倾角、方位角下能有效降低系统失配损失，而多云、阴影遮挡等辐照度不均匀会增加集中式拓扑结构下光伏系统的失配损失，需通过优化系统配置或最大功率点跟踪技术来避免。In order to analyze the operation performance of PV power system under the mismatch condition, firstly, the model of centralized PV array with blocking shadow was derived. Under the local meteorological condition, PVsystem simulation software was used to simulate the effect of tilt angle, azimuth and shading on annual power generation performance of 500 kW grid-connected PV system in Shilin area. Finally, the optimization scheme of the PV system was proposed by comparing simulation result and test result of Shilin PV power system. The simulation results show that when the tih angle is equal to the local latitude of PV system, the obtain the maximum annual power generation of 704 MWh azimuth is zero degree, the PV system without shadings can and the performance ratio of 80.1%. However, the annual power generation of the PV system with same linear shading will falls from 1% to 24.9% as tilt angl results show that the actual power generation declines 20% than the simulation result of PV system e changes. The testing without shading under the average meteorological condition, the declination ratio is only 17% when the PV system with linear shadings. Furthermore, under the same meteorological condition, the error between the testing result and simulation result is only 0.01-0.30. It can effectively decrease the mismatch loss of the centralized grid connected PV power system with appropriate installation tilt angle and azimuth of PV array. However, the uneven irradiation condition, such as shading and cloudy will increase mismatch loss of PV system. It needs optimizing the configuration of PV system or using the technology of maximum power point tracking （MPPT） to avoid the loss.

关 键 词：物理光学 集中式并网光伏系统 仿真与实验 倾角 方位角 阴影 系统性能 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]