筏式虾夷扇贝养成期不同密度生长与经济效益分析  

The analysis of growth and economic benefit at different density in the cultivation period of raft cultural scallop Pationopecten yessoenisis

作　　者：于佐安[1] 谭克非[1] 张明[1] 李大成[1] 李华琳[1] 王笑月[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省应用海洋生物技术开放实验室,辽宁省水产分子生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学报》2016年第10期1624-1633,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-47);国家科技支撑计划课题“北黄海生态养殖碳汇模式构建与示范”(2013BAD23B01)

摘　　要：为分析养殖过程中各项成本(扇贝成本、劳动力成本、养殖设备成本等),讨论筏式虾夷扇贝不同养殖密度条件下的经济效益。2013年5月9日—2014年4月9日,在一龄虾夷扇贝养成至二龄贝期间,设置10枚/层、15枚/层、20枚/层、25枚/层和30枚/层5个密度组,测量统计扇贝壳高和累积死亡率等指标评价其生长情况和经济效益。不同养殖密度生长测量结果表明:低密度养殖组别(10枚/层、15枚/层)平均壳高大于高密度养殖组别(20枚/层、25枚/层和30枚/层)(P<0.05),低密度养殖组别累积死亡率低于高密度养殖组别(10枚/层<15枚/层、20枚/层<25枚/层<30枚/层)(P<0.05),一龄至二龄养成期间,低密度养殖在壳高性状和降低死亡率方面具有明显优势;不同养殖密度生长指标结合经济成本分析结果表明:在一龄虾夷扇贝总量一定和养殖浮筏数量一定两种经济模型下,10枚/层密度组的经济效益最高;综合分析表明:筏式虾夷扇贝低密度养殖在生长性状和经济效益两个方面都有显著优势,可以有效转变当地养殖企业及个体户"多养多收益"观念,引导低密度生态养殖模式的建立。For analyzing the cost of cultivation and discussing the economic benefit of scallop at different cultivation density, a field experiment of five density groups （10N/layer, 15N/layer, 20N/layer, 25N/layer and 30N/layer） was carried out from May 2013 to April 2014 in the period when scallop grew from 1 year old to the 2 year old,. The results of scallop height on different cultivation denstiy showed that the average shell height of low density cultivation （10N/layer, 15N/layer） was greater than the average shell height of high denstiy cultivation （20N/layer, 25N/layer, 30N/layer）, and the cumulative mortility of low denstiy cultivation was lower than the cumulative mortility of high denstiy cultivation （10N/layer〈15N/layer, 20N/layer〈25N/layer〈30N/layer）. The low denstiy cultivation groups had outstanding advantage on the shell height and reducing mortility of scallop that grew from one year old to two years old. The result of economic benefit showed that in the two economic patterns of fixed number of scallop and fixed number of cultural raft, the economic benefit of 10 N/layer denstiy group was best; the result of experiment showed that low denstiy cultivation of raft cultural scallop had obvious advantage on shell height character and economic benefit. The concept that the higher cultivation denstiy can bring more economic benenfits should be changed, then the mode of ecologic cultivation would be established.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 筏养 不同密度 生长性状 经济效益 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]