机构地区:[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肾脏科,200127
出 处:《中华肾脏病杂志》2016年第10期739-744,共6页Chinese Journal of Nephrology
基 金:国家自然科学基金(81370794);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI10B08);卫生部公益类行业科研专项基金(201502023)
摘 要:目的比较终末期肾病(ESRD)患者用腹膜透析(PD)与血液透析(HD)两种紧急透析方式治疗的相关并发症和患者生存率,探讨PD作为ESRD患者紧急透析方式的安全性和有效性。方法入选上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肾脏科2013年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间所有接受紧急透析治疗的ESRD患者。紧急透析定义为起始透析时尚未建立长期透析通路或建立长期血液透析通路未满30d。根据紧急透析方式将患者分为PD组和HD组。所有患者随访至患者死亡、转其他中心、失访或研究终止日期(2016年1月1日)。比较两组患者置管30d内透析相关并发症、需重新置管的透析相关并发症和菌血症的发生情况。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较两组患者生存率。结果共178例患者人选,其中PD组96例(53.9%),HD组82例(46.1%)。与HD组相比,PD组患者合并冠状动脉相关事件数较多[21例(21.9%)比8例(9.8%),P=0.029],血钾较高[(4.5±0.8)mmol/L比(4.3±0.8)mmol/L,P=0.038],合并心力衰竭(NYHA Ⅲ-Ⅳ级)患者数较少[26例(30.2%)比40例(48.8%),P=0.014],血B型尿钠肽(BNP)水平较低[328.5(129.5,776.8)ng/L比503.5(206.0,1430.0)ng/L,P=0.008];血红蛋白、血白蛋白、前白蛋白水平较高(均P〈0.05)。与HD组相比,PD组患者置管30d内透析相关并发症较少[5例(5.2%)比20例(24.4%),P〈0.001】,需重新置管的透析相关并发症较少[1例(1.0%)比20例(24.4%),P〈0.001],菌血症较少[3例(3.1%)比11例(13.4%),P=0.011]。PD组和HD组患者的3月、6月、1年患者生存率分别是97.9%和98.4%、97.9%和98.4%、92.1%和93.0%。两组患者生存率的差异无统计学意义。结论与紧急血液透析相比,紧急腹膜透析能减少置管30d内透析相关并发症和�Objective To compare the complications and outcomes of urgent-start peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, and explore the safety and effectiveness of PD which was as an urgent - start dialysis modality in ESRD patients. Methods All patients for urgent-start dialysis, who initiated dialysis without a long-term dialysis access or had the long-term dialysis access under 30 days in Renji Hospital from January 1st 2013 to December 31st 2014, were enrolled. According to the dialysis modalities, patients were divided into PD group and HD group. Participants were followed up until death, transferred to other centers, lost of follow up or January 1st 2016. Dialysis-related complications within 30 days of implantation, complications of reimplantation and the occurrence of bacteremia between two groups were compared, and their survival rates were tested by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results Among 178 patients in this study, there were 96 (53.9%) patients in PD group and 82 (46.1%) patients in HD group. Compared with those of HD group, patients of PD group presented more cardiovascular disease [21(21.9%) vs 8(9.8%), P=0.029], higher serum potassium [(4.5±0.8) mmol/L vs (4.3±0.8) mmol/L, P=0.038], but less heart failure (NYHA Ⅲ- Ⅳ) [26(30.2%) vs 40 (48.8%), P=0.014], lower brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) [328.5 (129.5, 776.8) ng/L vs 503.5(206.0, 1430.0) ng/L, P=0.008], higher hemoglobin [(81.5± 17.7) g/L vs (75.3±22.5) g/L, P=0.039], higher serum albumin (33.5±5.7) g/L vs (31.3±6.7) g/L, P=0.022] and higher serum pre-albumin (304.5±78.0) mg/L vs (257.0±86.1) mg/L, P 〈 0.001]. PD group presented less dialysis-related complications [5 (5.2%) vs 20(24.4%), P 〈 0.001], less dialysis-related complications requiring reimplantation [1(1.0%) vs 20(24.4%), P 〈 0.001] and less bacteraemia [3(3.1%) vs 11(13.4%), P=0.011]. The 3-, 6-and 12- month patient survival rat
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