辽宁省主要野生观赏草资源及评价  

Main resources of ornamental grass and its evaluation in Liaoning Province

作　　者：刘英[1] 刘林琳[1] 范文宇[1] 李丽[1] 蒋芳芳[1] 贾志伟[1] 白龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第10期1989-2003,共15页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：辽宁省草地植物资源专项调查(2015LC001-5);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD17B04);农业部环境保护科研监测所省部级重点实验室2015年度开放基金课题

摘　　要：为了了解辽宁省野生观赏植物资源现状,于2010―2014年间进行了野外实地调查,并采用灰色关联度分析法对其观赏价值进行综合评价,初步筛选出观赏价值高的观赏草草种,为进一步开发利用提供理论基础。结果表明,本次调查的观赏植物分布于10科49属的103种,其中以禾本科(占56.7%)、莎草科(占16.3%)和鸢尾科(占12.5%)为主;这些资源生态适应性广,原生境以山坡草地、疏林灌丛为主(52.9%);有58.7%的观赏草具有耐旱性,部分耐盐碱;中等型株高的观赏草占50.0%,高大型的占22.0%,低矮型和微型的较少;51.0%的观赏草叶片以绿色为主,少数种会呈现异色或变色。不仅物种数量、生境变化及性状表现方面均表现出很高的多样性。参评的103种观赏草中有37种与理想种的关联度在0.7以上,都具有较高的观赏性和适应性。综合评价结果表明,紫芒(Miscanthus purpurascens)、大针茅(Stipagrandis)、野古草(Arundinella hirta)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、大狗尾草(Setaria faberii)、矮紫苞鸢尾(Iris ruthenica var.nana)、长白鸢尾(I.mandshurica)、粗根鸢尾(I.tigridia)、单花鸢尾(I.uniflora)、射干(I.dichotoma)、细叶鸢尾(I.tenuifolia)11种观赏草的综合评价比较高(0.8以上),可直接在园林绿化美化中应用。Wide ornamental grass resources in Liaoning Province were investigated during 2010-2014,and the ornamental value was evaluated by grey-correlation analysis to screen the excellent germplasm resources.The results showed that there were 103ornamental-grass species in total,belonging to 49 genera and 10 families,mainly in Gramineae,Iridaceae,Cyperaceae.They accounted for 56.7%,16.3% and 12.5%,respectively.These ornamental grasses are widespread in Liaoning Province,especially in hillside area and prairie shrubland,where they accounted for 52.9%;58.7% have drought tolerance,50.0% belong to medium-size,22.0% belong to good-size,51.0% have green leaf.The ornamental value of 103 ornamental grass resources was evaluated by grey-correlation analysis based on the full investigation and research of ornamental grass resources in Liaoning Province,and with the characters of ornamental value,height,color of leaf and inflorescence.The number,habitats and ornamental characteristics of ornamental grasses had high level of diversity.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the correlation degree with ideal species of 37 in the 103 ornamental grasses was higher than 0.7;Miscanthus purpurascens,Stipagrandis,Arundinella hirta,Bromus inermis,Setaria faberii,Iris ruthenica var.nana,I.mandshurica,I.tigridia,I.uniflora,I.dichotoma,I.tenuifolia had better ornamental effects and their correlation degree with ideal species were higher than 0.8,they can be used for landscaping directly.

关 键 词：辽宁省 观赏草资源 灰色关联度分析法 观赏性状评价 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]