多花黑麦草农艺性状变异及产量通径分析  

Path analysis of yield and mutation analysis of agronomic traits in Lolium multiflorum

作　　者：刘欢[1] 马啸[1] 张新全[1] 陈诚[1] 唐露[1] 杨忠富 齐晓[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学草业科学系,四川成都611130 [2]全国畜牧总站全国草品种审定委员会办公室,北京100125

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第10期2071-2081,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家牧草产业体系项目(CARS-35-05);农业部草品种DUS测定项目(20130106);四川省饲草育种攻关项目(2011NZ0098-11)

摘　　要：多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）作为我国南方种植面积最大的一年生禾本科牧草,在现代草牧业建设中发挥着重要作用。本研究以13份多花黑麦草栽培材料为研究对象,选取生长发育中关键的3个时期进行农艺性状的测定,以此探讨影响多花黑麦草产量的主要决定因子。结果表明,供试多花黑麦草材料形态性状具有丰富的遗传多样性,变异系数在4.37%~27.91%,其中单株鲜重与花序宽、节间数、分蘖数和株幅等极显著相关（P〈0.01）,单株干重与自然高度、拉直高度、节间长、旗叶长、茎粗、倒二叶宽和旗叶宽等极显著相关。通过主成分分析、回归分析和通径分析表明,对单株鲜重直接影响最大的综合因子为＂株型因子＂,具体由分蘖数、株幅等控制株型的形态性状指标表达;对单株干重的直接影响最大的综合因子为＂叶形因子＂,具体表达为倒二叶长宽和旗叶长宽的不同。Italian ryegrass（Lolium multiflorum）is an annual forage grass widely grown in southern China,and it plays an important role in modern prataculture and animal husbandry.In this study,agronomic traits of 13 Italian ryegrass materials were measured in 3critical growth periods to identify the primary indexes of forage yield.The results showed that variations in main agronomic traits of Italian ryegrass were abundant and its coefficient of variation ranged from 4.37%to 27.91%.The fresh weight per plant had significant correlation with width of inflorescence,number of internode,number of tillers,and crown diameter;Meanwhile,the dry weight per plant had significant correlation with natural height,straighten height,length of internode,length of flag leaf,internode diameter,width of second leaf and width of flag leaf.Principal component analysis,regression analysis and path analysis showed that the key factor was plant-type factor affecting fresh weight per plant,expressed by number of tillers and crown diameter.On the other hand,leaf shape factor was key factor affecting dry weight per plant,concretely expressed as the difference of length and width of flag leaf and second leaf.

关 键 词：决定因子 形态性状 高产品种 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]