纳米SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2的合成及其在酯交换反应中的催化性能  

Nano Sulfated Zirconia Synthesis and Its Catalytic Properties in the Transesterification

作　　者：王会刚[1] 张琪[1] 张继龙[1] 于峰[1] 李瑞丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学化工学院,太原030024

出　　处：《无机化学学报》2016年第11期1959-1964,共6页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51172154);山西省青年科学研究基金(No.2013021008-3);教育部高等学校博士点专项研究基金(No.20121402120011)资助项目

摘　　要：采用两步晶化-后浸渍法合成了纳米SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2固体酸催化剂,并考察了其在植物油与甲醇酯交换反应中的催化性能。XRD、N2吸附-脱附和TEM等结果表明,经过600℃焙烧,催化剂仍保持单一四方相,粒径大小为5~10 nm,比表面积为137 m2·g^(-1),孔径为3.6 nm。NH3-TPD结果表明,随着焙烧温度升高,催化剂表面的酸含量和酸强度逐渐增加,超强酸含量的增加,更有利于反应在温和条件下进行。在酯交换反应中,当醇油物质的量之比为20∶1,反应温度为135℃,反应时间为6 h,600℃焙烧后催化剂用量为5%(w/w)时,植物油能够完全转化为脂肪酸甲酯。与传统的SO42-/Zr O2催化剂相比,该催化剂在低温反应条件下具有更高的催化性能和良好的重复使用性。Nano SO42-/ZRO2 solid acid catalysts were prepared by two-step crystallization-post impregnation method and their catalytic performance in the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol was investigated. The results of XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption and TEM showed that the single tetragonal phase catalyst calcined at 600 ℃ was composed of nano crystals about 5-10 nm and had the specific surface area of 137 m2·g-1 and the pore size of 3.7 nm. NH3-TPD data indicated that the calcination temperature could improve the content and intensity of the surface acid, and that more superacid content was favorable to effect the efficient conversion under general conditions. In the transesterification reaction, under the operating conditions of 5%（w/w） of catalyst calcined at 600℃, the molar ratio of methanol to oil 20：1, at 135℃ and for 6 h, vegetable oil could be completely converted to fatty acid methyl esters. Compared with the traditional SO2-/ZrO2 catalyst, the nano SO4 2-/ ZrO2 catalyst had a higher catalytic performance and good reuse at low reaction temperature.

关 键 词：生物柴油 纳米材料 SO4 2-/ZrO2 固体酸催化剂 酯交换反应 

分 类 号：TQ426.6[化学工程]