陕西省2005-2014年疟疾疫情分析  

Analysis on Malaria Situation in Shaanxi Province during 2005-2014

作　　者：周体操[1,2,3] 张义[1] 张志成[1] 邓勇[1] 柴自超[1] 曹磊[1] 陈飒[1] 孙军玲[2] 施国庆[3] 刘峰[1] 李中杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,西安710054 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制处,传染病监测预警中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京102206 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心中国现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2016年第5期439-443,450,共5页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析陕西省2005-2014年疟疾疫情,为完善消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法收集整理2005-2014年陕西省疟疾防治资料和疫情报告数据,对疫情情况、地区分布、感染疟原虫虫种的构成、病例诊断类型,以及输入性病例的感染来源等进行分析。结果2005-2014年,陕西省共报告疟疾病例453例,其中,本地感染病例73例(占16.1%),输入病例380例(占83.9%);其中恶性疟占37.1%(141/380)。死亡3例,均为输入性恶性疟。2011年起无本地感染病例报告。病例以实验室诊断为主(占71.5%,324/453);恶性疟占全部报告病例的31.1%(141/453),且均为输入性病例,无三日疟和卵形疟报告。报告的73例本地感染病例,分布在7个地(市)25个区(县),其中陕南3市(商洛、汉中、安康)占61.6%(45/73),关中4市(西安、渭南、咸阳、宝鸡)占38.4%(28/73)。输入性病例呈逐年上升,从2005年的24例上升至2014年的59例。报告的380例输入性病例,主要来自非洲的20余个国家(占72.6%,276/380)。输入性病例数位居前4位的来源国家,分别为安哥拉(64例)、喀麦隆(26例),加纳(24例),赤道几内亚(23例),合计病例数占总输入性病例数的36.0%(137/380)。病例从发病至确诊的间隔时间中位数为5 d。报告的病例主要来自临床医疗机构,占87.6%(397/453),疾病控制机构仅占7.5%(34/453)。结论陕西省自2011年起无本地感染的疟疾病例报告,境外输入性疟疾病例呈逐年上升,其中输入性恶性疟主要来自非洲。Objective To analyze the malaria situation in Shaanxi Province during 2005-2014, in the aim of providing reference for improving malaria elimination strategies and measures. Methods Data on malaria control and malaria epidemic reports during 2005-2014 were collected, and analysis was made on prevalence and regional distribution of malaria, species of plasmodium, diagnosis of patients, and sources of imported malaria. Results Four hundred and fifty three cases of malaria were reported in Shaanxi Province during 2005-2014, consisting of 73 local cases （16.1%） and 380 imported cases （83.9%） of which 141 were falciparum malaria （37.1%, 141/380）. Three patients died and they all were imported cases of falciparum malaria. No indigenous infection had been reported since 2011. Most of the cases were laboratory-confirmed（71.5%, 324/453）. The falciparum malaria cases accounted for 31.1%（141/453） of all the cases, and they all were imported cases. No cases of quartan malaria and ovale malaria were reported. The 73 indigenous cases distributed in 25 districts（counties） of 7 cities, including 3 cities in South Shaanxi （Shangluo, Hanzhong, Ankang）（61.6%, 45/73） and four cities in Central Shaanxi（Xi′an, Weinan, Xianyang, Baoji） （38.4%, 28/73）. The imported cases showed an increasing trend from 24 in 2005 to 59 in 2014. The 380 imported cases were mainly from over 20 countries in Africa （72.6%, 276/380）, with top sources of Angola （64 cases）, Cameroon （26）, Ghana （24）, and Equatorial Guinea （23） accounting for 36.0% （ 137/380）. The median of interval from onset to diagnosis was 5 d. The cases were mainly reported by clinical medical institutions （87.6%, 397/453）, only 7.5% （34/453） were reported by disease control institutions. Conclusion No indigenous cases have been reported since 2011, but the imported malaria cases show a trend of increase with a major source of Africa.

关 键 词：陕西省 疟疾 疫情 分析 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]