室外换热器脏堵对空气源热泵夏季运行性能影响的实测研究  

Field Test Study on Impact of Outdoor Heat Exchanger Fouling on Operation Performance for Air Source Heat Pump in Summer

作　　者：刘景东[1] 孙育英[1] 王伟[1] 盖轶静 吴旭[1] 王学宛 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《建筑科学》2016年第10期15-20,54,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目"建筑热环境与节能"(51522801)

摘　　要：夏季室外换热器脏堵是空气源热泵在实际应用中最为常见的问题。为定量揭示脏堵对空气源热泵夏季运行性能的影响,本文对室外换热器分别处于脏堵和非脏堵下的两台空气源热泵机组进行了现场测试。在常温运行工况下,对比分析了脏堵和非脏堵下机组的运行特性和供冷特性,揭示了脏堵导致软故障下机组的性能劣化程度;在高温事故工况下,分析了脏堵导致硬故障下机组的高压停机事故特性。研究结果表明,在29～35℃常温运行工况下,脏堵导致机组的风量、压缩机吸排气温度及压力等运行特性参数分别出现11%～147%不同程度的劣化,压缩机功率升高13%～21%,制冷能力下降5%～18%,COP衰减18%～28%;在35～37℃高温事故工况下,脏堵导致机组发生高压停机事故,频率高达2.5次/h。本文研究对了解室外换热器脏堵导致的空气源热泵实际运行性能劣化与危害程度具有重要参考意义。Outside heat exchanger fouling is the most common problem for ASHP units in summer. To quantitatively reveal the impact of fouling on the operation performance of ASHP,a field test was conducted for two sets of ASHP units respectively in clean and fouled conditions. In the normal temperature operating condition,the operating characteristics and cooling characteristics of ASHP were compared in clean and fouled conditions,and the performance degradation of ASHP was revealed with fouling soft fault. In the high temperature accident condition,the characteristics of high pressure outage with fouling hard fault were analyzed. The test results revealed that the operating parameters of ASHP were changed by 11% ～ 147% due to the impact of fouling under the normal temperature of 29 ～ 35 ℃,including air volume,compressor suction and exhaust temperature,pressure and so on.Meanwhile,the compressor power increased by 13% ～ 21%,the cooling capacity reduced by 5% ～ 18%,and the COP decreased by 18% ～ 28%. It was also found that fouling resulted in high pressure protection of ASHP,and the shutdown accident frequently occurred under the high temperature of 35 ～ 37 ℃. The accident rate was up to2. 5 times per hour. This study has important reference significance to identify the degradation of operation performance for ASHP due to the negative impacts of outdoor heat exchanger fouling.

关 键 词：空气源热泵 室外换热器 脏堵 运行性能 现场测试 

分 类 号：TU831.4[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]