南宁市艾滋病职业接触不同时期人群心理状态及其影响因素调查  

An investigation of psychological state at different stages of occupational AIDS exposure and related influencing factors in Nanning, China

作　　者：林倩[1] 葛宪民[2] 莫巨聪[1] 李斯斯[1] 陈晨春[1] 陈世艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,530023 [2]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2016年第10期762-764,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的 探讨南宁市艾滋病（AIDS）职业接触不同时期人群的心理状态变化及其影响因素,为相关部门开展AIDS职业接触人员心理健康预防干预工作提供基线资料和依据.方法 对南宁市2014年所有AIDS职业接触人员进行AIDS风险评估,对符合研究标准的人员使用《症状自评（SCL-90）量表》进行职业接触后24 h、1周、3个月的心理状态测评.结果 AIDS职业接触人群多来源于二级、三级医院（85.0％）,女性占95.0％,护士所占比例最大（78.4％）;年龄最小者21岁,最大者50岁,平均年龄为（31.02±7.92）岁,其中20～29岁职业接触人群居多（51.6％）;文化程度以大专为主（76.7％）.与成人常模相比,职业接触后24 h的人群心理评分总分和阳性项目数明显升高,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;24 h心理状态各项目得分明显高于另外2个时期,且随时间延长得分逐渐降低（F值分别为227.24,267.57和287.46,均P＜0.05）;与成人常模比较,职业接触后24 h的因子分明显升高（人际关系除外）,3个月的因子分明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;与24 h相比,3个月的各因子得分明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 AIDS职业接触影响相关工作人员的心理状态,接触24 h的心理状态较差,相关部门应根据不同的暴露时间为职业接触人群提供相应的心理疏导.Objective To investigate the changes in psychological state after occupational exposure in the AIDS occupational exposure population and related influencing factors,and to provide baseline data and a basis for related departments to conduct mental health prevention and intervention for personnel with occupational AIDS exposure.Methods AIDS risk assessment was performed for all personnel with occupational AIDS exposure in 2014 in Nanning,China,and the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） psychological scale was used for psychological state evaluation at 24 hours,1 week,and 3 months after occupational exposure in all persons who met the research criteria.Results Most of the persons with occupational AIDS exposure came from secondary and tertiary hospitals （85%）,and nurses accounted for the highest percentage （78.3%）.The age ranged from 21 to 50 years,and the mean age was 31.02±7.92 years.The persons with occupational AIDS exposure aged 20～29 years accounted for the highest percentage （51.6%）,and most persons （76.7%） graduated from junior colleges.Compared with the adult norm,there was significant increases in the total psychological score and the number of positive items after occupational exposure （P〈0.05）.The scores of all items at 24 hours were significantly higher than those at the other time points,and the scores of all items gradually decreased over time （F=227.24,267.57,and 287.46,P〈0.05）.Compared with the adult norm,there were significant increases in the factor points at 24 hours and significant reductions in the factor points at 3 months （P〈0.05）.Compared with those at 24 hours,the factor scores at 3 months decreased significantly （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Occupational AIDS exposure affects the mental status of related personnel,and the mental status at 24 hours after exposure is poor.Related departments should provide corresponding psychological counseling for the occupational exposure population at different exposure times.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 职业接触 心理健康 职业健康 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]