考虑大规模电动汽车接入电网的双层优化调度策略  

A bi-layer optimization based schedule considering large-scale electric vehicles

作　　者：胡文平[1] 何立夫[2] 陈杰军[3] 于腾凯[1] 孟良[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网河北省电力公司电力科学研究院,河北石家庄050021 [2]国网湖南省电力公司防灾减灾中心,湖南长沙410129 [3]武汉大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《电力系统保护与控制》2016年第21期22-28,共7页Power System Protection and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51277135);河北省电力公司科技项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2042015kf1004)资助~~

摘　　要：随着经济发展和化石燃料短缺、环境污染严重的矛盾日益尖锐,电动汽车(Electric Vehicle,EV)的发展和普及将成为必然趋势。大规模无序充电的电动汽车接入电网充电将给电网带来强大的冲击,并可能导致电网局部过负荷,威胁电网运行的安全性和经济性。因此研究了发电机、电动汽车、风力的协同优化计划问题,提出了一种基于输电和配电系统层面的电动汽车充放电计划双层优化调度策略。在输电网层,以减少发电机组的运行成本、PM2.5排放量、用户的总充电成本和弃风电量为目标,建立了基于机组最优组合的上层优化调度模型;在配电网层,以降低网损为目标,考虑网络安全约束和电动汽车的空间迁移特性,建立了基于最优潮流的下层优化调度模型。在基于标准10机输电网和IEEE33节点配电网的电力系统仿真模型上,对所提的基于双层优化的大规模电动汽车充放电调度策略进行了仿真分析,验证了所提双层优化调度策略的有效性和优越性。Electric vehicle （EV） has a promising future due to its friendliness to the environment and potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. If large-scale EVs access to the power grid charging disorderly, it may lead to some problems in power grid, such as power congestion. This will threaten the security and economic operation of power grid. Therefore, a EVs＇ charging and discharging optimal scheduling strategy based on bi-layer optimization is proposed： in the transmission system, with the objective of reducing the operation costs and PM2.5 emissions of generators, charging cost of users and wind curtailment of wind farms, the upper layer optimization model is built based on day-ahead unit commitment （UC）; in the distribution system, with the goal of reducing the network loss, the lower layer optimization model is built based on OPF considering network constraints and mobility of EVs. Based on a power system model consisting of a 10-unit transmission grid and an IEEE 33-bus distribution grid, the effectiveness and superiority of proposed bi-layer optimization strategy is investigated.

关 键 词：电动汽车 双层优化充放电策略 机组组合 最优潮流 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]