短尾类线粒体基因组研究概要及比较分析  

Introduction and Comparative Analysis of Brachyura Mitochondrial Genomes Research

作　　者：白俊[1] 朱春潮[1,2] 聂宗恒 邹节新[1,2] 汪雁[1,2] 周宪民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学基础医学院淡水十足目甲壳动物与并殖吸虫研究室,南昌330006 [2]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南昌330047

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2016年第10期2627-2639,共13页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81260257;81160207;31460156;31560179);江西省自然科学基金项目(20132BAB2-05059);南昌大学研究生创新专项资金(CX2015180;CX2016280)共同资助

摘　　要：短尾类隶属节肢动物门、软甲纲和十足目,作为十足目中最高等的一个类群,其多变的形态及复杂的生境导致短尾类下各阶元的分类及其系统演化问题长期存在争议。随着分子生物学及DNA测序技术的不断发展,在全基因组水平进一步探讨其分类及系统发生关系成为可能,尤其是具有结构简单、进化速率快及母系遗传等特征的线粒体基因组研究渐成热点。本综述在整理相关文献基础上简要概述了短尾类线粒体全基因组研究现状,并以Geneious 8.1.6、Editseq等生物信息学软件比较分析Gen Bank数据库已公布36种短尾类线粒体全基因组数据,总结了短尾类不同类群的基因组大小、碱基组成、基因数目与排列、密码子利用等线粒体基因组基本特征。Brachyura （Arthropoda： Malacoscostraca： Decapoda） is the most advanced group in Arthropoda. As a result of its variable morphological characteristics and complicated habitats, classification and phylogeny within Brachyura remain controversial. With the development of molecular biology and sequencing technology, further exploration of classification and phylogeny on genomics becomes possible. Especially, mitochondrial genome has become a hotspot because of the properties of small size, rapid evolutionary rate and maternal inheritance. In this research review, the research history and development on Brachyura mitochondrial genome have briefly been reviewed based on relevant literatures. We compared 36 Brachyura mitochondiral genomes published on GenBank with bioinformatics tools such as Geneious, Editseq etc, and concluded the fundamental features of their genome sizes, base compositions, gene orders and codon usage of different groups in Brachyura.

关 键 词：短尾类 线粒体基因组 比对分析 分类 系统发育 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]